Introduction– Open hemorrhoidectomy described by Milligan and Morgan is one of the common procedures done for hemorrhoids till date. Now a day’s rubber band ligations, radiofrequency ablation with plication, stapled hemorrhoidectomy are also being used. But these methods are not available in all centers. Some are costly too. There is also another method known as anal stretching and ligation ori...

Introduction. Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy performed with LigaSure system (LS) seems to be mainly effective where a large tissue demolition is required. This randomized study is designed to compare LigaSure haemorrohidectomy with conventional diathermy (CD) for treatment of IV-degree haemorrhoids. Methods. 52 patients with IV-degree haemorrhoids were randomized to two groups (conventional ...

OBJECTIVES To provide updated information on the role of botulinum toxins in the treatment of refractory pain based on prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. DESIGN OF THE REVIEW: Class I and class II articles were searched online through PubMed (1966 to the end of January 2011) and OvidSP including ahead-of-print manuscripts. RESULTS Level A evidence (two or more ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The achondroplasic dwarfism or achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism and occurs, in most of the cases, as a result of spontaneous genetic alteration. The anesthesia in these patients presents several particularities. The objective of the present report was to describe an achondroplasic patient case, with a previous history of surgical procedure of the vert...

Introduction: there is no consensus on the ideal anesthesia for hemorrhoidectomy in ambulatory facilities. spinal anesthesia and venous propofol associated with local perianal block (combined anesthesia) are frequently used, and their direct costs may be crucial for the anesthesia type selection. the objective of this study was to compare the direct costs of anesthesia-related materials in hemo...