The influence of sodium hydroxide addition during the thermo-chemical pretreatment of a microbial biomass has been evaluated in terms of particulate chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilization and anaerobic biodegradability. Both COD solubilization and total solid elimination rates increased with the dose of NaOH added: COD solubilization reached 63%, and total solid elimination was 33% when 5 ...

Previously, the primary product distribution resulting from fast pyrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin was quantified. This study extends the analysis to the examinations of interactions between cellulose−hemicellulose and cellulose−lignin, which were determined by comparing the pyrolysis products from their native mixture, physical mixture, and superposition of individual component...

Biomass pretreatment (BP) plays a crucial role in a lignocellulose feedstock-based biorefinery (LCFBR) for processing of three major output streams (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin) into chemicals and biofuels. BP includes processing of lignocellulosic material (LCM) under aqueous, dilute acid or alkaline media to obtain a cellulosic fraction, which is then fermented to produce bioethanol....

Solubilization of integral membrane proteins is a process in which the proteins and lipids that are held together in native membranes are suitably dissociated in a buffered detergent solution. The controlled dissociation of the membrane results in formation of small protein and lipid clusters that remain dissolved in the aqueous solution. Effective solubilization and purification of membrane pr...

Cellulosic biomass can be pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid to recover high yields of sugars directly from hemicellulose and subsequently by enzymatic hydrolysis of the residual cellulose, and these sugars can be used to produce fuels and chemicals with unique and powerful economic, environmental, and strategic benefits. Pretreatment is costly for such biological routes, and we seek to bette...

The properties of untreated sugar cane bagasse (SCB) and soft wood (SW) and their respective celluloses were investigated. The celluloses indicated improved crystallinity index values and decreased concentration of lignin and hemicellulose compared to their untreated counterparts. Three degradation models, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (OFW), and Kissinger (KGR) methods were ...

The effects of temperature (25-40°C), H,SO, concentration (31-70% (w/v)) and the acid/substrate relationship (1-5 cm3 of H,SO, per g-' of cellulose) on the solubilization rate of microcrystalline cellulose and on the glucose production rate have been analysed. The solubilization process was by determining reducing groups present in solution. For acid/substrate relationships of more than 1 cm3 g...

In order to obtain accurate information about the ultrastructure of cellulose from native biomass by 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) NMR spectroscopy the cellulose component must be isolated due to overlapping resonances from both lignin and hemicellulose. Typically, cellulose isolation has been achieved via holocellulose pulping to remove lignin followed by an acid hydroly...

To achieve the rapid detection of soybean straw component, the key lies in establishing a quantitative analysis model with higher prediction accuracy which is rapid, stable and reliable. In order to establish the optimal Near-infrared (NIR) analysis model of cellulose and hemicellulose content in soybean straw, this paper uses NIR transmission technology by applying interval Partial Least Squar...