Fresh tomatoes higher in lycopene content than standard varieties have recently been designed. We hypothesized that consumption of fresh, high lycopene tomatoes (HEC) for 3-weeks, as compared to standard fresh tomatoes, (LEC) would result in significant increases in serum lycopene and reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation. Forty healthy adult men (37.5%) and women (62.5%) age 55.3±4.7...

Studies on cardiovascular safety in cancer patients treated with highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC or MEC), who may have taken the antiemetic, aprepitant, have been limited to clinical trials and postmarketing spontaneous reports. Our study explored background rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events among HEC- or MEC-treated cancer patients in a population-based setting to ...

Glucose metabolism was studied in 31 pregnant ewes fed mixtures (50:50) of chopped alfalfa hay and corn grain given in whole (HWC) or extruded form (HEC). Number of fetuses was 1 (n = 10), 2 (n = 11) or 3 (n = 10). Diets were supplied at three dietary levels: maintenance (1.0 M), 1.25 x maintenance (1.25 M) or twice maintenance (2.0 M). Glucose metabolism was estimated by a double isotope dilut...

Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD, or SOD3) is the major extracellular antioxidant enzyme in the lung. To study the biologic role of EC-SOD in hyperoxic-induced pulmonary disease, we created transgenic (Tg) mice that specifically target overexpression of human EC-SOD (hEC-SOD) to alveolar type II and nonciliated bronchial epithelial cells. Mice heterozygous for the hEC-SOD transgene sh...

Carbohydrate gelling agents can be regarded as being representative for the soluble and viscous fractions of dietary fibre. Their dietary concentration affects the consistency of the ingested food as well as the dilution of nutrients and energy. By feeding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) differing in molecular mass, and thus in its viscosity properties, only the consistency of the diet was modifie...

Tamoxifen (TAM), used to treat estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, is a well known estrogen antagonist in the breast, but a partial estrogen agonist in the endometrium. In addition, TAM metabolites, such as 4'-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4-OH-TAM), have been shown to be more potent than the parent compound. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of 4-OH-TAM and estradiol (E2...

BACKGROUND Glucose is a more efficient substrate for ATP production than free fatty acid (FFA). Insulin resistance (IR) results in higher FFA concentrations and impaired myocardial glucose use, potentially worsening ischemia. We hypothesized that metabolic manipulation with a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (HEC) would affect a greater improvement in left ventricular (LV) performance during d...

We describe a quantitative assay of transendothelial migration (TEM) that allows us to selectively study the interaction of monocytes with confluent human endothelial cell (HEC) monolayers. The HEC are grown on hydrated collagen gels; the monocytes need not be purified. 100% of monocytes transmigrated the monolayer within 1 h at 37 degrees C and accumulated in the subendothelial collagen; TEM o...

BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) coactivates multiple transcription factors and regulates several metabolic processes. In this study, we focused on the roles of PGC-1α in the apoptosis of endometrial cancer HEC-1A cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS PGC-1a expression in the HEC-1A cells was detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction and ...