It has long been recognized that combined heat and power (CHP) generation can achieve higher end-use efficiencies than conventional systems. By generating electricity at the point of use and utilizing the co-produced heat, CHP generators can achieve net efficiencies in excess of 80%. This nearly doubles the efficiency of our current system, in which large centralized power plants provide electr...

The effect of body fatness on the fasting heat production and energetic efficiency of adult sheep was studied. Energy balance and heat production were determined in adult wether sheep at three fatness levels given a diet of grass hay and maize at four feeding levels, including fasting, in open-circuit respiration chambers. The sheep weighted approximately 60 kg at the start and were fed over a ...

The possibility that the exposure of organisms to whole-body hyperthermia may provide protection against subsequent thermal exposures is intriguing and may play an important role in the clinical scheduling of fractionated hyperthermia. We used C3H mice to investigate whether whole-body heating can be used as a conditioning treatment to induce protection of mice against thermal death from a subs...

Two different types of adipose tissues can be found in humans enabling them to respond to starvation and cold: white adipose tissue (WAT) is generally known and stores excess energy in the form of triacylglycerol (TG), insulates against cold, and serves as a mechanical cushion. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) helps newborns to cope with cold. BAT has the capacity to uncouple the mitochondrial respir...

In this paper the optimal control of boundary heat flux in a 2-D solid body with an arbitrary shape is performed in order to achieve the desired temperature distribution at a given time interval. The boundary of the body is subdivided into a number of components. On each component a time-dependent heat flux is applied which is independent of the others. Since the thermophysical properties are t...

Determining the diffusion coefficient based on the solution of the linear inverse problem of the parameter estimation by using the Least-square method is presented. A set of temperature measurements at a single sensor location inside the heat conducting body is required. The corresponding direct problem will be solved by an application of the heat fundamental solution.

Recent reviews of the literature on thermoregulation during exercise including the regulation of thermal sweating have been made by many scientists [see (1) for Jessen's review]. Human body temperature is determined by the balance between heat accumulation, whether generated by physical activity (metabolic heat production) or gained from the environment (environmental heat), and heat dissipatio...

heat stress is well recognized among the hazardous physical agents that might be present during work. this study aims to compare wbgt index at acclimated and unacclimated people to permissible threshold limit value and study the differences between physiological parameters at them. twenty one healthy men were participated in the study. all of the subjects were monitored in two different weather...

We consider steady-state heat conduction across a quantum harmonic chain connected to reservoirs modeled by infinite collection of oscillators. The heat, Q, flowing across the oscillator in a time interval tau is a stochastic variable and we study the probability distribution function P(Q). We compute the exact generating function of Q at large tau and the large deviation function. The generati...