The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological and genetic characterization of persistent Salmonella isolates in an integrated broiler chicken operation, in an attempt to elucidate the source of contamination. From the breeder farm, the hatchery, the broiler farm and the chicken slaughter house of an integrated broiler chicken operation, a total of 6 serotypes were observed. Althou...

Many declining populations are supplemented with captive-born individuals that are released directly into the wild. Because captive-born individuals can have lower fitness in the wild than their wild-born counterparts, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the reduced fitness of these individuals is required for appropriate conservation and management decisions. Inbree...

The present study evaluated the susceptibility of three different batches of whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeusvannamei from Mexico to an inoculum of infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). Each of the three shrimp batches came from a different hatchery. Because of their origin, it was possible that the genetic makeup of these batches was different among each other. The three ...

Understanding factors influencing survival of Pacific salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) is essential to species conservation, because drivers of mortality can vary over multiple spatial and temporal scales. Although recent studies have evaluated the effects of climate, habitat quality, or resource management (e.g., hatchery operations) on salmonid recruitment and survival, a failure to look at mult...

The synergistic effects of two contaminating mycotoxins aflatoxin (AF) and T-2 toxin (T-2) in the feed of poultry on the performance of broiler chickens were studied individually and in combination, by using one hundred and sixty eight day-old commercial broiler chicks obtained from a commercial hatchery and randomly separated into four groups in 2X2 Complete Randomized Design of three replicat...

Proliferative kidney disease (PKD), caused by an unclassified myxosporean (PKX), is a serious disease of salmonids. Although partial spore development occurs to a limited extent in fish infected with PKX, complete sporalation has not been observed and precise taxonomic status of PKX remains uncertain. The severe inflammation seen in infected fish, unusual for most myxosporean infections, sugges...

this experiment was conducted to determine the effects of sodium bentonite litter supplement and stoking density on performance and litter quality using a total of 252 broiler chicks in completely randomized design with 6 treatments which were arranged factorially (3×2) and 4 replicates. experimental factors included: stocking density (14; low and 18; high /birds per m2) and three levels of sod...