Drought monitoring is a complicated issue as it requires multiple meteorological variables to monitor and anticipate drought accurately. Therefore, developing method that enables researchers, data scientists, planners comprehend mitigation policies more accurately essential. In this research, based on the concepts behind calculation of Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI),...

Global warming due to greenhouse effect is expected to cause major changes in climate of some regions. The change of climate is likely to have a profound effect on hydrological cycle. Evapotranspiration (ET, as the major component of hydrological cycle, will affect crop water requirement and future planning and management of water resources. This study was conducted to investigate climate chang...

In order to determine the required water for irrigation it is necessary to calculate the amount of needed water by plant or evapotranspiration. The equations that are used to calculate evapotranspiration are not applying the same climatic parameters and, due to their experimental nature, they are not suitable for all climatic conditions. In the present study in order to compare evapotranspirati...

Abdelaziz Boulesbaa,* Bing Huang, Kai Wang, Ming-Wei Lin, Masoud Mahjouri-Samani, Christopher Rouleau, Kai Xiao, Mina Yoon, Bobby Sumpter, Alexander Puretzky, and David Geohegan Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA (Received 29 April 2015; revised manuscript received 28 August 2015; published 25 September ...

for the purposed water resources management, irrigation scheduling, water usage optimization and gaining maximum yield two step fao method was applied to determine the water requirement (evapotranspiration) of sugar beet.  in this paper reference evapotranspiration were computed from recorded meteorological data at 38 weather stations using the hargreaves-samani method; and then through applyin...

We consider paradigms for interpretation and analysis of the CMIP3 en-2 semble of climate model simulations. The dominant paradigm in climate sci-3 ence, of an ensemble sampled from a distribution centred on the truth, is con-4 trasted with the paradigm of a statistically indistinguishable ensemble, which 5 has been more commonly adopted in other fields. This latter interpretation 6 (which give...

The most important biotic stress factor impacting tomato crop biophysical, biochemical, physiological, and morphological features is water stress. A pot experiment was undertaken in a greenhouse to study the drought responsiveness of (Solanum lycopersicum) yield quality indices sandy loam silty soils. For both soils, supply levels were 70–100% FC, 60–70% 50–60% 40–50% FC ETo (crop evapotranspir...

Due to frequent drought events, increased water demand for agricultural production and limited, accurate estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is necessary developing crop irrigation schemes rational allocation regional resources. The extreme learning machine (ELM) was optimized using four biological heuristic algorithms, namely, Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO-ELM), Moth-Flame Optimization...