Introduction: Hajj is a worship that dominated by physical activity, so it very important for pilgrim who will perform the pilgrimage to ensure he ready and physically fit in addition spiritual readiness.
 Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 720 data of prospective pilgrims from 5 embarkations (Sumatra, Central Java (DIY), East Java, Makassar, Pondok Gede) which w...

Abstract Gathering a large number of people in shared physical area is very common urban culture. Although there are limitless examples mega crowds, the Islamic religious ritual, Hajj, considered as one greatest crowd scenarios world. The Hajj carried out once year with congregation millions when Muslims visit holy city Makkah at given time and date. Such big always prone to public safety issue...

Abstract The pilgrimage to Mecca, which is called Hajj, the largest annual pedestrian crowd management problem in world. During pilgrims are accommodated camps. For safety reasons, exact times and directions given who moving between holy sites. Despite importance of complying with those schedules, violations can often be conjectured. Directing a small workforce camps monitor pilgrims’ complianc...

The Islamic Hajj to Makkah (Mecca) has been associated with outbreaks of invasive meningococcal disease and the global spread of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W-135. For Hajj pilgrims the quadrivalent vaccination against serogroups A, C, W-135 and Y is a mandatory requirement. Novel conjugate vaccines may provide benefits for the community by reduction of carriage. With the introduction of t...

The 2000 Hajj (March 15-18) was followed by an outbreak of Neisseria meningitidis W135 2a: P1.2,5 in Europe. From March 18 to July 31, 2000, some 90 cases of meningococcal infection were reported from nine countries, mostly the United Kingdom (UK) and France; 14 cases were fatal. Although most early cases were in pilgrims, the outbreak spread to their contacts and then to those with no known pi...

This study had three objectives: firstly, it aimed to examine an appropriate model for preventing and controlling the risk of meningococcal disease as a result of an epidemic carrying by returning pilgrims at Hat Yai International Airport; secondly, it aimed to establish the number of meningococcal carriers among pilgrims returning from Saudi Arabia; thirdly, it considered the health problems t...