PURPOSE To compare the short term effects of topical 0.05% cyclosporine (CsA) and a mixture of 0.08% chondroitin sulfate and 0.06% sodium hyaluronate (CS-HA) on dry eye ocular surfaces. METHODS 36 patients with moderate to severe dry eye (5 mm/5 min or less with Schirmer's test or tear break up time (BUT) less than 6 seconds), were treated with topical application of CS-HA on one eye and CsA ...

Inhaled nanoparticles (NPs) must first interact with the pulmonary surfactant (PS) lining layer that covers the entire internal surface of the respiratory tract and plays an important role in surface tension reduction and host defense. Interactions with the PS film determine the subsequent clearance, retention, and translocation of the inhaled NPs and hence their potential toxicity. To date, li...

Using a biomedical sensor setup RIfS we have investigated the kinetic behavior of bovine serum albumin (BSA), human fibrinogen (FIb) and human IgG adsorbed onto surfaces of hydroxyapatite (HA) and polyurethane (PU) H50-50. According to the operation principle of RIfS and the molecular dimensions of three kinds of proteins, a formula to calculate the adsorbed layers of proteins onto the surface ...

Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings have been applied to improve adhesion of non-cemented implants to host bone. Plasma spraying is the most common technique leading to thick calcium phosphate films (>120μm). Pulse laser deposition (PLD), is a possible alternative method to obtain thin (<10 μm), well adherent hydroxyapatite (HA) films. Similarly to synthetic HA, biological apatites contain Ca, PO4 and...

Film-induced tourism at heritage attractions (HAs) is a growing industry of international relevance. It can influence visitors’ expectations the site and further their preferences for interpretation to include degree reference film(s). Drawing upon in-depth interviews with visitors UK HA popularised through book film, this paper explores interpretation. The identifies four visitor taxonomies – ...