As manufacturing tariffs have fallen worldwide, the focus of free trade agreements has shifted towards other issues, including: rules governing foreign investment, e-commerce regulations, trade in services, harmonization of technical standards, sanitary and phyto-sanitary regulations, and the streamlining of customs procedures. Japan and Singapore are undertaking negotiations over this kind of ...

This study analyzes the impacts of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on meat and dairy industries. To achieve this goal, Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database was used in a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) setting, which allows for inclusion carbon taxes definition four alternative environmental policies scenarios using both Warming Potential (GWP) Temperature (GTP) as GHG mea...

Carbon Capture, Utility and Storage (CCUS) is essential for achieving carbon neutrality has great development potential in China. CCUS, as a long-term new investment, can address global warming significant social economic impacts. This paper assessed the socio-economic effects of CCUS investment based on China by combining dynamic GTAP model Input-output method. The result indicates that: may a...

Missing trade is defined as the exports and imports that may have taken place between two potential trading partners, but which are unknown to the researcher because neither partner reported them to the United Nation’s COMTRADE, the official global repository of trade statistics. In a comprehensive sample of African countries, over 40% of the potential trade flows fit this definition. For a con...

Much remains to be done before agricultural trade is as liberal as world trade in manufactures. But agriculture is distorted by more than agricultural policies. In developing countries especially, farming is discouraged not only by farm protection policies in high-income countries but also by those countries' own manufacturing policies and distortions to services markets. This paper explores th...

There is a severe lack of data describing foreign affiliate activity. To fill this gap, we produce a new dataset to further the literature on the behavior of multinational firms. Eurostat’s Foreign Affiliate Statistics database, with a large number of sector-level, bilateral observations on foreign affiliate sales, provides a basis from which to extrapolate the relationship between various host...

The first generation of genetically modified (GM) crop varieties sought to increase farmer profitability through cost reductions or higher yields. The next generation of GM food research is focusing also on breeding for attributes of interest to consumers, beginning with ‘golden rice’, which has been genetically engineered to contain a higher level of vitamin A and thereby boost the health of u...

Many fear China’s accession to WTO will impoverish its rural people, via greater import competition in its agricultural markets. We explore that possibility bearing in mind that, even if producer prices of some (land-intensive) farm products fall, prices of other (labor-intensive) farm products could rise. Also, the removal of restrictions on exports of textiles and clothing could boost town an...

The Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) at the WTO deals with the progressive opening of the markets in high-income countries, favoring the dynamic exporters among the developing countries. This process is to be finished by the year 2005, when the whole sector is going to be under the WTO rules, and will occur in four steps, but only at the end will the majority of products be included. In...