Inhaled long-acting β(2)-adrenoceptor agonists (LABA) that act as bronchodilators and the oral anti-inflammatory phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor roflumilast are both approved therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here we describe the activity of a novel, inhaled, bifunctional, small molecule (R)-6-[(3-{[4-(5-{[2-hydroxy-2-(8-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-5-yl)ethy...

Choleragen (cholera toxin) activates adenylate cyclase by catalyzing ADP-ribosylation of Gs alpha, the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding protein. It was recently found (Tsai, S.-C., Noda, M., Adamik, R., Moss, J., and Vaughan, M. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 84, 5139-5142) that a bovine brain membrane protein known as ADP-ribosylation factor or ARF, which enhances ADP-ribosylatio...

The position specificity of porcine pancreatic Lu-amyIase action on maltotriose (Gs) through maltooctaose (Gs) has been studied with maltodextrins specifically labeled in the reducing glucose unit with 14C. The initial relative rates of formation of the labeled products were determined for each substrate. As the size of the maltodextrin increases, the point of maximum frequency of attack shifts...

Given g1, . . . , gs ∈ R[X] = R[X1, . . . , Xn] such that the semialgebraic set K := {x ∈ R | gi(x) ≥ 0 for all i} is compact. Schmüdgen’s Theorem says that if f ∈ R[X] such that f > 0 on K, then f is in the preordering in R[X] generated by the gi’s, i.e., f can be written as a finite sum of elements σg1 1 . . . g es s , where σ is a sum of squares in R[X] and each ei ∈ {0, 1}. Putinar’s Theore...

Vol. 16 No. 9–10 147 Clin Epidemiol 2001; 54: 634–44. Kaukua J, Turpeinen A, Uusitupa M, Niskanen L. Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: prognostic significance and tracking. Diabetes, Obes Metab 2001; 3: 17–23. Yusuf HR, Giles WH, Croft JB, Anda RF, Casper ML. Impact of multiple risk factor profiles on determining cardiovascular disease risk. Prev Med 1998; 2...

I discuss and extend several results concerning the cancellation of discrete gauge anomalies. I show how heavy fermions do not decouple in the presence of discrete gauge anomalies. As a consequence, in general, cancellation of discrete gauge anomalies cannot be described merely in terms of low energy operators involving only the light fermions. I also discuss cancellation of discrete gauge anom...

We prove the arithmetic Hodge index and hard Lefschetz conjectures for the Grassmannian G = G(2, N) parametrizing lines in projective space, for the natural arithmetic Lefschetz operator defined via the Plücker embedding of G in projective space. The analysis of the Hodge index inequality involves estimates on values of certain Racah polynomials. 0. Introduction Let X be an arithmetic variety, ...

preoperative gleason score (gs) obtained from trans rectal ultra sonography (trus) is the most common grading system to evaluate the appropriate treatment for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. but this method showed upgraded and downgraded results in comparison to gleason score obtained from radical prostatectomy. the current study aimed to determine clinical or pathological v...

Impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), an important risk factor for future stroke, is affected by a presence carotid stenosis. However, in some cases CVR can be impaired in the absence of carotid stenosis due to several poorly characterized mechanisms. We hypothesized that arterial stiffening as observed in coronary heart disease (CHD) could be associated with alteration in CVR in CHD patie...