history of Great Britain from 1945 to the present day'. It covers not only the legislation which established what we have come to know as the Welfare State, but aspects such as population growth, geographical environment, and the development of the nationa-lised industries. The sections on health services are relatively small, but related to the wider context of national culture. Whilst the mai...

This paper investigates the relationship between geographic patterns of industry and economic growth in a two-country model of trade with no scale effect, where productivity growth is generated by firm investment in process innovation. We find that dispersed equilibria with industry located in both countries produce higher growth rates than concentrated equilibria with all industry located in o...

The rapid growth of the human cortex during development is accompaniedby the foldingof thebrain intoahighly convoluted structure1–3. Recent studies have focused on the genetic and cellular regulation of cortical growth4–8, but understanding the formation of the gyral and sulcal convolutions also requires consideration of the geometry and physical shaping of the growing brain9–15. To study this,...

This study explores the combined application of remote sensing, spatial metrics and spatial modeling to the analysis and modeling of urban growth in Santa Barbara, California. The investigation is based on a 72-year time series data set compiled from interpreted historical aerial photography and from IKONOS satellite imagery. Spatial metrics were used both specifically to assess the impact of u...

E arly biologists sought to identify vital life forces they believed responsible for the exquisite intricacy of tissue pattern and functional control. Later forms of ‘‘vitalism’’ downplayed the role of mystical powers and focused more on the importance of internal forces that emerged from the specific arrangement of tissue components, with particular emphasis on the role of reciprocal mechanica...

Of Sir D?Arcy Thompson?s nearly 300 publications, the theoretical treatise On Growth and Form [3], first published in 1917, remains the principal work for which he is remembered. This substantial book is still in print today, and merited an editorial review and introductory essays by two important twentieth century biologists, John Tyler Bonner [4] and Stephen Jay Gould [5]. Growth and Form was...

We propose a two-dimensional particle-cluster aggregation model which considers explicitly linear and angular momentum conservation. Each aggregate is grown from a seed of given mass and given initial angular velocity, to which particles of unitary mass and ballistic trajectories are added. The fractal dimensions of the resulting aggregates are calculated and Fourier transform analysis is perfo...

Micro-relief heterogeneity can lead to substantial variability in microclimate and hence niche opportunities on a small scale. We explored the relationship between plant species richness and small-scale heterogeneity of micro-relief on the subtropical island of La Palma, Canary Islands. Overall, we sampled 40 plots in laurel and pine forests at four altitudinal bands. Species richness was recor...

The views expressed and the conclusions reached in this publication are those of the author and not necessarily those of persons consulted. RIRDC shall not be responsible in any way whatsoever to any person who relies in whole or in part on the contents of this report. In submitting this report, the researcher has agreed to RIRDC publishing this material in its edited form. ii Foreword The blac...

The structure of potassium dichromate (P , Z = 4) consists of two layers parallel to (001), between which no crystallographic symmetry relation exists. These layers are nearly coincident with each other when rotated through 90° about c*. One question remained unanswered: do the crystals grow parallel to {001} with d(002) or d(001) layers? The pseudo-fourfold axis does not run parallel to a crys...