Over the last decade, we have seen an increasing demand for robots capable of coexisting with people. Enabling robots to operate safely and effectively alongside human partners within unstructured environments poses interesting research challenges that broadly span the field of artificial intelligence. This paper previews some of the challenges that we faced in developing a robot “envoy” that o...

This article aims to find the demarcation limit lines of religious tolerance from al-Kāfirūn chapter Holy Qur’an and respond some issues developing in Indonesian. study is based on an exploratory analysis semiotic linguistic meanings with intention Indonesian Issues regarding practices greeting opening public speech, congratulating other celebrations, singing performance muslim students’ a chur...

n the recent years, the knowledge of stylistics has experienced some new branches. thanks to the recent efforts of a group of linguists, traditional stylistics has changed its branches in favour of genres, rather than the types of prose and verse. up until two decades ago, stylistics mainly focused on the form of the text, and the genres were almost ignored or overlooked. however, in the light ...

pragmatic assessment and consistency in rating are among the subject matters which are still in need of more profound investigations. the importance of the issue is highlighted when remembering that inconsistency in ratings would surely damage the test fairness issue in assessment and lead to much diversity in ratings. our principal concern in this study was observing the criteria that american...

l2 research has shown that instruction in l2 pragmatics is necessary. the current study evaluated the impact of explicit instruction on efl learner's awareness and production of three speech acts of request, apology, and complaint. it also probed whether learners’ language proficiency plays any role in incorporating pragmatic instruction into the l2 classroom. iranian undergraduate student...

the present study aims to investigate the relative effectiveness of different types of pragmatic instruction including two collaborative translation tasks and two structured input tasks with and without explicit pragmatic instruction on the production of apologetic utterances by low-intermediate efl learners. one hundred and fifty university students in four experimental groups and one control ...

Sentences like these are special insofar as their utterance in appropriate circumstances amounts to performing the action identified by the finite verb. The typical formal properties of such sentences in English include first person subjects, second person indirect objects, a present tense non-progressive active form of a speech act verb and the deictic adverb hereby, but performative sentences...

contracts sometimes disband to different reasons. one of contracts disbanding causation is resolutory condition. on this base parties stipulate if incident, act or omission arise contract disband. at this face contract disband with acquirement condition on it. in such cases dissolution ground is willing and consequence appears automatically. in truth resolutory condition there is doubt that wit...

In this paper we address the important task of automated discovery of speech act categories in dialogue-based, multi-party educational games. Speech acts are important in dialogue-based educational systems because they help infer the student speaker’s intentions (the task of speech act classification) which in turn is crucial to providing adequate feedback and scaffolding. A key step in the spe...