Sustainable transportation biofuels may require considerable changes in land use to meet mandated targets. Understanding the possible impact of di erent policies on land use and greenhouse gas emissions has typically proceeded by exploring either ecosystem or economic modelling. Here we integrate such models to assess the potential for the US Renewable Fuel Standard to reduce greenhouse gas emi...

A global biofuels program will lead to intense pressures on land supply and can increase greenhouse gas emissions from land-use changes. Using linked economic and terrestrial biogeochemistry models, we examined direct and indirect effects of possible land-use changes from an expanded global cellulosic bioenergy program on greenhouse gas emissions over the 21st century. Our model predicts that i...

This new regulation, under the Environmental Management Act, is anticipated to come into effect on January 1, 2009. The Environmental Management Act, brought into force in July 2004, is a key environmental statute in British Columbia. Amendments to the Act, currently before the Legislature, would provide enabling powers to regulate the management of greenhouse gases. The proposed Landfill Gas R...

Natural gas comprises almost one-fourth of all energy used in the U.S. New technologies, sometimes referred to as “unconventional” have enabled the production of more natural gas and have expanded domestic energy reserves. Natural gas is generally recognized as a clean-burning fuel source, producing less greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per quantity of energy consumed than either coal or oil. How...

Until recently, natural gas was an also-ran in the sweepstakes for changing the face of transportation in the United States, even though expanded reliance on natural gas vehicles (NGVs) holds the promise of reducing carbon emissions, reducing dependence on oil, and even lowering transportation costs. Recently, however, interest in natural gas as a transportation fuel has grown, as shale gas res...

Recent assessments agree that tropical cyclone intensity should increase as the climate warms. Less agreement exists on the detection of recent historical trends in tropical cyclone intensity. We interpret future and recent historical trends by using the theory of potential intensity, which predicts the maximum intensity achievable by a tropical cyclone in a given local environment. Although gr...

In this paper, design and optimization procedures are developed for a conventional extractive distillation sequence and a thermally coupled extractive distillation scheme. The proposedmethodologies detect the optimal values of the design variables in order to guarantee theminimumenergy consumption. It was found that the optimumenergy consumption can be related to the minimum total annual operat...

To mitigate climate change, city authorities are developing policies in areas such as transportation, housing and energy use, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In addition to their effects on greenhouse gas emissions, these policies are likely to have consequences for the wellbeing of their populations for example through changes in opportunities to take physical exercise. In order to explore...

Introduction According to the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGGI 2007) the agricultural sector contributes around 16% of national greenhouse gas emissions (Figure 1). The main greenhouse gases emitted from agriculture include methane lost during rumen digestion (enteric) and nitrous oxide lost from nitrogen fertilisers, animal excreta and soils (Figure 1). Agriculture accounts for 60% and ...

Food is a major contributor of greenhouse gases in the world. Changing what you eat to a less greenhouse gas intensive diet can have a major impact on the greenhouse gas emission. While campaigns and efforts about changing diets directed towards individuals have a potential to reduce total greenhouse gases, efforts directed towards institutional producers of meals have much greater potential to...