Guard channels improve the probability of successful handoffs by reserving a number of channels exclusively for handoffs. This concept has the risk of underutilization of radio spectrum due to the fact that fewer channels are granted to originating calls even if these guard channels are not always used, when originating calls are starving for the want of channels. The penalty is the reduction o...

Standard practice for grape disease management in Marlborough 10 years ago was to spray for diseases using calendar based spray programmes. Communication of grape disease management research has led to a change of practice for many grape growers. The key tool developed by the research programme was targeted spraying for diseases. This involved field monitoring for diseases and the use of decisi...

Koshu is a grape cultivar native to Japan and is one of the country's most important cultivars for wine making. Koshu and other oriental grape cultivars are widely believed to belong to the European domesticated grape species Vitis vinifera. To verify the domesticated origin of Koshu and four other cultivars widely grown in China and Japan, we genotyped 48 ancestry informative single nucleotide...

Grapes are widely known for health benefits due to their antioxidant content. In wine production, grape stems are often discarded, though they has a higher content of antioxidants than the juice. The effectiveness of using an environmentally friendly solvent, ethanol, as a superheated liquid and supercritical fluid to extract antioxidant compounds from grape stems of organically grown Crimson S...

Although the beneficial effects of moderate wine intake are well-known, data on antioxidant capacity of grape juices are scarce and controversial. The purpose of this study was to quantify total polyphenols, anthocyanins, resveratrol, catechin, epicatechin, procyanidins, and ascorbic acid contents in grape juices, and to assess their possible antioxidant activity. Eight Vitis labrusca juices--w...

For a polygonal region P with n vertices, a guard cover S is a set of points in P , such that any point in P can be seen from a point in S. In a colored guard cover, every element in a guard cover is assigned a color, such that no two guards with the same color have overlapping visibility regions. The Chromatic Art Gallery Problem (CAGP) asks for the minimum number of colors for which a colored...

Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a group of genetically similar strains that infect a wide range of plants. We hypothesized that differing genetic factors among the strains determine the ability of a strain to infect a particular host plant. To better understand what makes grape a good host for all grape strains but not for strains such as oleander and almond that cannot colonize grape, we conducted ...

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