B cells are one of the two adaptive arms partnering with T cells in immune defense system against infections by virus, bacteria, fungi and parasites [1]. Originated from hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow, B cells contain multiple subsets including antibody-secreting cells, antigen-presenting cells (APC), innate B effector cells and regulatory B cells [2]. As a heterogeneous population, B ...

background and objectives: during past decades hansenula polymorpha has attracted global attention for the expression of recombinant proteins due to its high growth rate, minimal nutritional porequirements and use of methanol as a low cost inducer. materials and methods: the corresponding nucleotide sequences for the expression of heterologous genes in hansenula poylmorpha were extracted and as...

fusion of two genes at dna level produces a single protein, known as a chimeric protein. immunotoxins are chimeric proteins composed of specific cell targeting and cell killing moieties. bacterial or plant toxins are commonly used as the killing moieties of the chimeric immunotoxins. in this investigation, the catalytic domain of shiga-like toxin (a1) was fused to human granulocyte macrophage c...

background: human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hg-csf) can serve as valuable biopharmaceutical for research and treatment of the human blood cancer. transplastomic plants have been emerged as a new and high potential candidate for production of recombinant biopharmaceutical proteins in comparison with transgenic plants due to extremely high level expression, biosafety and many other a...