After a short introduction, an overview about the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) GPS, GLONASS and Galileo is given. For each system, a status report is presented and then the three main positioning algorithms: Single Point Positioning, Differential Pseudorange and Carrier Phase Positioning are described. In the Summary, the systems are compared and and outlook is given.

Spatial technologies, i.e. geographic information systems, remote sensing, and global positioning systems, offer an opportunity for rapid assessment of malaria endemic areas. These technologies coupled with prevalence/incidence data can provide reliable estimates of population at risk, predict disease distributions in areas that lack baseline data and provide guidance for intervention strategie...

As public health continues to decline and obesity rates hit epidemic levels, there has been increased interest in understanding what characteristics of the built environment may impact the amount of physical activity an individual receives. This paper discusses the utilization of global positioning system (GPS) receivers, physical activity monitors (PAM), meteorological data, and land-cover dat...

An important and so far much neglected operative problem in the Swedish forestry is to extract roundwood from actual harvest areas to load points at forest roads. Once at the load point, logging trucks can collect it for further secondary transportation to sawand pulp-mills. We report on a system being developed which collects geographic information by a global positioning system (GPS) about lo...

Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements across the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) in the central United States show little, if any, motion. These data are consistent with platewide continuous GPS data away from the NMSZ, which show no motion within uncertainties. Both these data and the frequency-magnitude relation for seismicity imply that had the largest shocks in the series of earthquak...

A 12.5 GHz-spaced optical frequency comb locked to a global positioning system disciplined oscillator for near-infrared (IR) spectrograph calibration is presented. The comb is generated via filtering a 250 MHz-spaced comb. Subsequent nonlinear broadening of the 12.5 GHz comb extends the wavelength range to cover 1380-1820 nm, providing complete coverage over the H-band transmission window of ea...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how the principles of talent management (TM) can be leveraged to enhance an organization‟s knowledge management (KM) initiatives. Design/methodology/approach – This paper critically reviews the literature pertaining to the emerging concept of TM and specifically that which focuses upon „smart talent management‟ i.e. the fusion of TM and KM conce...

Positioning accuracy is a challenging issue for location-based applications using a low-cost global positioning system (GPS). This paper presents an effective approach to improving the positioning accuracy of a low-cost GPS receiver for real-time navigation. The proposed method precisely estimates position by combining vehicle movement direction, velocity averaging, and distance between waypoin...

In the recent years Living Labs have manage to draw a significant amount of attention to both their methodologies and organizations. Because of that, a significant amount of effort has been diverted to its understanding. However, very little in assessing its contribution and comparing it to existing methodologies. This work aims to cover that gap by summarizing the most common European Living L...