OBJECTIVES To determine if a specific intracerebral hemorrhage ratio predicts poor outcome; whether predictors of outcome in adults, specifically hemorrhage location, ventricular involvement, or initial Glasgow Coma Scale score, predict outcome in childhood hemorrhagic stroke; and whether the cause of hemorrhagic stroke predicts outcome. DESIGN Retrospective case study. SETTING A single terti...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of reflex cough PEF as a predictor of successful extubation in neurological patients who were candidates for weaning from mechanical ventilation. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 135 patients receiving mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h in the ICU of Cristo Redentor Hospital, in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. Reflex cough PEF, the rapid shall...

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was introduced in 1974 aiming at standardizing assessment of level of consciousness in head injured patients. It has been used mainly in evaluating prognosis, comparing different groups of patients and monitoring the neurological status. However its use expanded beyond the original intention of the scale and certain limitations were identified. The skewness toward t...

Background Work in the 1940s and 1950s revealed that the brainstem was key to consciousness. The experimental definition of the reticular activating system by Moruzzi and Magoun28 in 1949 was followed by various confirmatory clinical studies.15,38 Studies conducted during World War II and later demonstrated that rotational head injury was more effective than translational acceleration/decelerat...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) plasma levels and the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS In a prospective case-control study, demographic, clinical, and Glasgow Coma Scale score data were collected. Outcome was evaluated according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale score at the time of discharge from the hospital and 6 months after hospit...

This article provides a detailed account of how to monitor and record neurological observations. It outlines the importance of neurological observations in acutely ill patients and focuses on carrying out observations using the Glasgow Coma Scale.

OBJECTIVES. To (1) characterise the clinical features of Dettol poisoning on a territory-wide basis, (2) assess the need for airway intervention after such poisoning and its time frame after ingestion, and (3) identify predictors for such an intervention. DESIGN. Case series. SETTING. Sixteen accident and emergency departments in Hong Kong. PATIENTS. Patients with Dettol ingestion who presented...

BACKGROUND Very severe traumatic brain injury may cause disorders of consciousness in the form of coma, unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (also known as vegetative state) or minimally conscious state. Previous studies of outcome for these patients largely pre-date the 2002 definition of minimally conscious state. OBJECTIVES To establish the numbers of patients with disorder of consciousness a...

Discussions of the treatment peritonitis and evaluation different therapeutic approaches are hampered by lack precise classification (ability).1The advantages various scoring systems used in other studies like Glasgow coma scale, TNM Staging APACHE scores pathophysiology comparing efficacy made one search for a similar system peritonitis.ie., Mannheim index.