The generalized search tree, or GiST, defines a framework of basic interfaces required to construct a hierarchical access method for database systems. As originally specified, GiST only supports record selection. In this paper, we show how a small number of additional interfaces enable GiST to support a much larger class of operations. Members of this class, which includes nearestneighbor and r...

In order to further promote the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in China, the members of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Expert Committee on GIST thoroughly discussed the key contents of the consensus guidelines, and voted on the controversial issue. In final, the Chinese consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of GIS...

Boundary extension is a ubiquitous phenomenon in which participants remember seeing more of an image than was previously shown. According to the Multisource Model of Scene Perception, viewers create a representation of their environment within a single fixation that integrates presented scene information with their expectations of what should exist there. The purpose of the following experiment...

PURPOSE KIT is the major oncogenic driver of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib are approved therapies; however, efficacy is often limited by the acquisition of polyclonal secondary resistance mutations in KIT, with those located in the activation (A) loop (exons 17/18) being particularly problematic. Here, we explore the KIT-inhibitory activity of pona...

A subset of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) lack gain-of-function mutations in c-KIT and PDGFRalpha. These so-called wild-type (WT) GISTs tend to be less responsive to imatinib-based therapies and have a poor prognosis. We identified amplification of IGF1R in a SNP analysis of GIST and thus studied its potential as a therapeutic target in WT and mutant GIST. Expression of IGF1R and down...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Surgery with complete removal of the tumor is the primary treatment for resectable GIST and the only chance of cure. However, recurrence after surgery is common. The 2 main prognostic factors are the mitotic activity and the size of the tumor. Tumor rupture is also a risk factor for postope...

Background About 80% patients with GIST would experience tumor recurrence or metastases after a prior radical resection. The most common metastatic site is liver. Imatinib mesylate was proved to be effective for advanced GIST. Current study was designed to observe the influence of liver metastases to the outcome of imatinib treatment for recurrent GIST from prior surgery. Methods 42 patients ha...

Mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are uncommon. Recent progress in the understanding of the biology and origin of these tumours has led to their reclassification. A new subclass designated Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GIST) is diagnosed based on the presence of a mutational over expression of c-kit protein that is thought to be critical in the pathogenesis of these tu...

The activity of the receptor tyrosine kinase KIT is crucial for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) growth and survival. Imatinib and sunitinib are very effective in advanced GIST, but have no curative potential. The observation that heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibition results in KIT degradation prompted us to assess the efficacy of the HSP90 inhibitor retaspimycin hydrochloride (IPI-504...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors or "GIST" are mesenchymal neoplasms expressing KIT(CD117) tyrosine kinase and showing the presence of activating mutations in KIT or PDGFR α (platelet-derived growth factor alpha). GIST of anal canal is an extremely rare tumor, accounting for only 3% of all anorectal mesenchymal tumors and 0.1-0.4% of all GIST. GIST with large tumor size and high mitotic activity...