Gentamicin is used against gram negative infections, but major problem encountered is nephrotoxicity that occurs in 10-20% of therapeutic regimes. Gentamicin induced oxidative stress plays an important role in this nephrotoxicity. Recent data has shown metformin to possess antioxidant activity. Purpose of study was to evaluate potential role of metformin in protecting kidney from nephrotoxicant...

Forty patients undergoing routine bronchoscopy were randomised to receive inhaled micronised gentamicin powder (180 mg) or nebulised gentamicin solution (160 mg) one hour before the procedure. Similar levels of gentamicin were detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the two groups (micronised powder (n = 20) 9.3 (SD 9.3) mg/l, nebulised solution (n = 20) 8.0 (7.8) mg/l). The micronised gent...

Comparatively little attention has been paid to the conjunctival toxicity of antibiotics administered at the time of cataract surgery. We have observed the effect of subconjunctival gentamicin and cefuroxime injection, using colour photography in a randomised single blind trial of 121 patients undergoing routine cataract surgery. Our results suggest that a hyperaemic eye is likely to occur abou...

Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of four antibiotics and their combinations were determined for 38 strains of enterococci by a microtitration tube dilution technique. The drugs were ampicillin, vancomycin, gentamicin, and streptomycin; the combinations were ampicillin-gentamicin, ampicillin-streptomycin, vancomycin-gentamicin, and vancomycin-streptomycin. At achievable serum c...

Gentamicin Clb is 6'-N-methylgentamicin Cia. This antibiotic is coproduced, as one of minor components, in the standard gentamicin fermentation. Kershner (Ph.D. thesis, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N.J., 1971) first described its presence in trace amounts in gentamicin preparations. Daniels and co-workers (2) reported its isolation, purification, and characterization from fermentation bot...

This study was carried out to evaluate the protective effects of polyherbal extract against gentamicin induced renal injury in rats. 36 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. Gentamicin administered (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 10 d) all groups except normal control group. Polyherbal three (gentamicin+polyherbal 100 gentamicin+polyherbal 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) at 100, body weight...

Aminoglycoside antibiotics that bind to the ribosomal A site cause misreading of the genetic code and inhibit translocation. The clinically important aminoglycoside, gentamicin C, is a mixture of three components. Binding of each gentamicin component to the ribosome and to a model RNA oligonucleotide was studied biochemically and the structure of the RNA complexed to gentamicin C1a was solved u...

The bacterial action of gentamicin and that of a mixture of gentamicin and 15-nm colloidal-gold particles on Escherichia coli K12 was examined by the agar-well-diffusion method, enumeration of colony-forming units, and turbidimetry. Addition of gentamicin to colloidal gold changed the gold color and extinction spectrum. Within the experimental errors, there were no significant differences in an...

Polyaspartic acid (PAA) ameliorates experimental gentamicin nephrotoxicity despite marked accumulation of gentamicin in the renal cortex. The experiments described here probe the extent of PAA's nephroprotective action when increasing doses of gentamicin, in excess of an established nephrotoxic dose (40 mg/kg of body weight per day), are administered. After 10 days, virtually complete nephropro...

It has been claimed that gentamicin assays on the serum of jaundiced patients give falsely low levels and suggested that the antibiotic in such sera is bound to bile acids and thus is partly inactivated. No evidence of such inactivation has been obtained (i) in the serum of jaundiced patients treated with gentamicin, (ii) in sera with high bilirubin contents to which gentamicin was added, or (i...