ytoplasmic structures are sites of active mammalian mRNA decay, according to Cougot et al. (page 31). The group had previously identified cytoplasmic foci that included two human mRNA decapping enzymes. They now add subunits of a deadenylase, exonuclease, and possible helicase to the list of proteins found at these sites. After inhibition of a 5 –3 exonuclease, poly(A) RNA accumulates at the sa...

Identifying genetic variants associated with complex diseases is an important task in genetic research. Although association studies based on unrelated individuals (ie, case-control genome-wide association studies) have successfully identified common single-nucleotide polymorphisms for many complex diseases, these studies are not so likely to identify rare genetic variants. In contrast, family-...

Traditional epidemiological study concepts such as case-control or cohort designs can be used in the design of genetic association studies, giving them a prominent role in genetic association analysis. A different class of designs based on related individuals, typically families, uses the concept of Mendelian transmission to achieve design-independent randomization, which permits the testing of...

Environment has long been known to play an important part in disease etiology. However, not many genome-wide association studies take environmental factors into consideration. There is also a need for new methods to identify the gene-environment interactions. In this study, we propose a 2-step approach incorporating an influence measure that capturespure gene-environment effect. We found that p...

Coupling dense genotype data with new computational methods offers unprecedented opportunities for individual-level ancestry estimation once geographically precisely defined reference data sets become available. We study such a reference data set for Finland containing 2376 such individuals from the FINRISK Study survey of 1997 both of whose parents were born close to each other. This sampling ...

Ancestry inference is a frequently encountered problem and has many applications such as forensic analyses, genetic association studies, and personal genomics. The main goal of ancestry inference is to identify an individual's population of origin based on our knowledge of natural populations. Because both self-reported ancestry in humans or the sampling location of an organism can be inaccurat...

Genetic association studies have used variants in the C-reactive protein (CRP) gene to estimate causal effects of lifelong circulating CRP levels on disease endpoints. However, the extent to which the genetic variants are actually associated with lifelong circulating CRP levels has not been demonstrated empirically. In a population-based prospective cohort study (1980-2001) of 1,609 young Finns...

Genetic association studies in practice often involve multiple traits resulting from a common disease mechanism, and samples for such studies are often stratified based on some trait outcomes. In such situations, statistical methods using only one of these traits may be inadequate and lead to under-powered tests for detecting genetic associations. We propose in this article an estimation and te...

Medical genetic research achieved in last decade many efforts leading to better understanding of inherited basis of human diseases. This will not be possible without the participation of patients and controls. However, the general understanding of the background and possibilities of genetic association studies is very low. It was confirmed by study of university of students. Because of the fair...

We present a coherent Bayesian framework for selection of the most likely model from the five genetic models (genotypic, additive, dominant, co-dominant, and recessive) commonly used in genetic association studies. The approach uses a polynomial parameterization of genetic data to simultaneously fit the five models and save computations. We provide a closed-form expression of the marginal likel...