This paper is concerned with the problem of characterizing those functions of minimum LP-norm on their nth derivative, <=p=<, that sequentially take on the given values (ei). For p = the unique minimizing function is characterized. For p < fairly explicit necessary conditions are given.

Based on the Hirota’s bilinear method, a more classic limit technique is perfected to obtain second-order smooth positons. Immediately afterwards, we propose an extremely ingenious approach in which higher-order positons and breather can be quickly derived from N-soliton solution. Under this technique, of modified Korteweg–de Vries system are easily derived. Compared with generalized Darboux tr...

In this paper, the variational iteration method for solving nth-order fuzzy integro-differential equations (nth-FIDE) is proposed. In fact the problem is changed to the system of ordinary fuzzy integrodifferential equations and then fuzzy solution of nth-FIDE is obtained. Some examples show the efficiency of the proposed method.