A predisposition to the development of certain specific and familial cancers is associated with the inheritance of a single mutated gene. In the best-characterized cases, this primary mutation is a loss of function mutation consistent with viability but resulting in neoplastic change consequent to the acquisition of a second somatic mutation at the same locus. Such genes are referred to as tumo...

Polycomb group proteins are transcriptional repressors that play a central role in the establishment and maintenance of gene expression patterns during development. Using mice with an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced mutation in Suppressor of Zeste 12 (Suz12), a core component of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), we show here that loss of Suz12 function enhances hematopoietic stem cell (...

The reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency using defined transcription factors holds great promise for biomedicine. However, human reprogramming remains inefficient and relies either on the use of the potentially dangerous oncogenes KLF4 and CMYC or the genetic inhibition of the tumor suppressor gene p53. We hypothesized that inhibition of signal transduction pathways that promote diffe...

We assessed DNA methylation and copy number status of 27,000 CpGs in 149 urothelial carcinomas and integrated the findings with gene expression and mutation data. Methylation was associated with gene expression for 1,332 CpGs, of which 26% showed positive correlation with expression, i.e., high methylation and high gene expression levels. These positively correlated CpGs were part of specific t...

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene has role in inhibiting the oncogenic AKT signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) into 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The function of PTEN regulated different mechanisms inactive results aggressive phenotype tumorigenesis. Identifying targeted therapies for genes such as been challenging it d...

Abstract Background DIAPH3 belongs to the formin family of proteins that are master regulators cell cytoskeleton. plays a key role in cytokinesis as well karyokinesis. Hence, mouse brain, DIAPH3-deficient neural stem cells exhibit abnormal division leading aneuploidy and apoptosis progeny. Given importance cancer development progression, we asked whether loss could be involved genesis aggressiv...

background: human dental stem cells have high proliferative potential for self-renewal that is important to the regenerative capacity of the tissue. objective: the aim was to isolate human dental pulp stem cells (dpsc), periodontal ligament stem cells (pdlsc) and periapical follicle stem cells (pafsc) for their potential role in tissue regeneration. materials and methods: in this experimental s...

Mechanisms of Normal Cell Homeostasis ....................................3 Cellular Proliferation .................................................................... 3 Apoptosis .................................................................................... 4 Senescence ................................................................................ 4 Signaling Pathways That Regulate Cel...

Epigenetic changes, including H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 histone modification, play an important role in carcinogenesis. However, no genome-wide histone modification map has been generated for gliomas. Here, we report a genome-wide map of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 histone modifications for 8 glioma stem cell (GSC) lines, together with the associated gene activation or repression patterns. In addition, we ...

OBJECTIVE Leukemia is characterized as a kind of malignant clonal disease in hematological stem cells. The study showed an abnormal level of DNA methylation in leukemia cells, which further led to an abnormal expression of hematological genes. This study investigated the role of miR-29b on the modulation of DNA methylation and tumor suppressor gene expression in leukemia patients. PATIENTS AN...