like) exhibit a pleiotropic phenotype including abnormalities of cardiac, skeletal and limb development, in addition to renal agenesis. Here we report abnormalities of gonad development in homozygous mutants. From early stages, Vcc/Vcc embryos contain gonads longer than controls and by 13.5 dpc this increased length is evidenced by an increase in the number of testis cords. The gene mutated in ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the early effect of sildenafil on the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty eyes of 60 patients were enrolled in the study. The patients underwent RNFL analysis by scanning laser polarimetry (Nerve Fiber Analyzer, GDx VCC:5.3.3; Laser Diagnostic Technologies, San Diego, CA, USA) before and after a single 100 mg dose of sildenafil. Sixty e...

Autophagy is the unique, regulated mechanism for the degradation of organelles. This intracellular process acts as a prosurvival pathway during cell starvation or stress and is also involved in cellular response against specific bacterial infections. Vibrio cholerae is a noninvasive intestinal pathogen that has been studied extensively as the causative agent of the human disease cholera. V. cho...

PURPOSE To evaluate the structure-function relationships between retinal sensitivity measured by Humphrey visual field analyzer (HVFA) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured by scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) with variable corneal compensation (VCC) and enhanced corneal compensation (ECC) in glaucomatous and healthy eyes. METHODS Fifty-three eyes with an atypical birefri...

like) exhibit a pleiotropic phenotype including abnormalities of cardiac, skeletal and limb development, in addition to renal agenesis. Here we report abnormalities of gonad development in homozygous mutants. From early stages, Vcc/Vcc embryos contain gonads longer than controls and by 13.5 dpc this increased length is evidenced by an increase in the number of testis cords. The gene mutated in ...

A link between elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, GATA-4 and LH receptor (LHCGR) expression and gonadotropin-dependent adrenocortical tumorigenesis in humans and mice has been shown. To assess the mechanistic tumorigenic interrelationships between these factors, we transgenically expressed Gata4 under the 21-hydroxylase promoter (Cyp21a1, 21-OH) in C57Bl/6N mice. There was a gradual age-...

BACKGROUND Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released from Gram-negative bacteria can serve as vehicles for the translocation of virulence factors. Vibrio cholerae produce OMVs but their putative role in translocation of effectors involved in pathogenesis has not been well elucidated. The V. cholerae cytolysin (VCC), is a pore-forming toxin that lyses target eukaryotic cells by forming transmembra...

Androgens have dramatic effects on neuronal structure and function in hippocampus. However, androgen depletion does not always lead to hippocampal impairment. To address this apparent paradox, we evaluated the hippocampus of adult male rats after gonadectomy (Gdx) or sham surgery. Surprisingly, Gdx rats showed increased synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation of the mossy fiber (MF) pa...

like) exhibit a pleiotropic phenotype including abnormalities of cardiac, skeletal and limb development, in addition to renal agenesis. Here we report abnormalities of gonad development in homozygous mutants. From early stages, Vcc/Vcc embryos contain gonads longer than controls and by 13.5 dpc this increased length is evidenced by an increase in the number of testis cords. The gene mutated in ...

Previous research showed that the effects of incentive downshift in male rats are attenuated by a pretrial opportunity to ejaculate. Because ejaculation raises testosterone (T) levels and has anxiolytic-like effects in male rats, the present experiments were designed to assess the role of T and gonadectomy (GDX) on two situations involving incentive downshift. In consummatory successive negativ...