The method for the examination of gas/water interface electrokinetic behavior is developed. "Bubbling potential", i.e. the difference in the potential of the indicator electrode in the absence and presence of gas bubbles was measured. The indicator electrode is a reference electrode with the porous plug exposed to gas bubbles. The charged bubble in contact with the porous plug would affect the ...

Lithium-air batteries have the potential to become the future energy source for electric vehicles. Typically, the battery consists of a lithium metal negative electrode, a porous separator soaked with liquid electrolyte, and a porous air electrode where oxygen from the surrounding atmosphere is reduced during battery discharge. This configuration yields the highest theoretical capacity of all L...

A moving boundary model in a spherical LiCoO2 particle is presented to account for the diffusion controlled phase transition in LiCoO2 solid particles, and this model is incorporated into a porous electrode model for the LiCoO2 electrode. The simulation results agree well with the experimental data of a LiCoO2 electrode. A study of the flux distribution in the porous electrode shows that the ph...

Two-dimensional (2D) polyacrylic acid (PAA) nano-nets that comprise interlinked ultrathin nanowires with diameters of 10-30 nm are successfully prepared by a facile electro-netting process. Nano-nets feature a clear geometric characteristic with ideal and weighted Steiner networks due to the rapid phase separation process and its obeyed minimal energy principle. The versatile nano-nets create e...

Various models have been devoted to the operation mechanism of porous diffusion electrodes. They are, however, suffering from the lack of accuracy concerning the acid-film thickness on which they are based. In the present paper the limiting current density has been measured for oxygen reduction on polytetrafluorine-ethyl bonded gas-diffusion electrodes in phosphoric acid with and without fluori...

This paper compares the polarization losses associated with the various diffusion-reaction-conduction processes in molten carbonate cathodes. The comparisons are made by estimating each type of loss in terms of component electrochemical potentials in joules/mole; this allows diffusive, charge-transfer, and ohmic losses to all be put on equal footing. For characteristic parameter values, diffusi...

To approach this goal, we develop a detailed 1D model to describe the DMFC on the electrode and cell level, based on the in-house modeling framework DENIS. A two-phase flow model is implemented for the transport in gas diffusion layer (GDL) and catalyst layer (CL) at the anode side, whereas we consider only the gas phase at the cathode side. Electrochemistry is described by multistep mechanisms...

Silicon micro-hole arrays (Si-MHA) were fabricated as a gas diffusion layer (GDL) in a micro fuel cell using the micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) fabrication technique. The resistance temperature detector (RTD) sensor was integrated with the GDL on a bipolar plate to measure the temperature inside the fuel cell. Experimental results demonstrate that temperature was generally linearly rel...

We describe the development of a “virtual” blood gas electrode system intended for use during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The electrode functions in real time and predicts the patient’s arterial and mixed venous blood gas results every 500 ms. It takes as its primary inputs the settings of the heart-lung machine (FiO2, sweep gas rate, pump flow) and the patient’s hematocrit and metabolic rate...

Thermodynamic parameters of the hydriding reaction of a hydride electrode can be obtained by two different methods. The results show that the change of enthalpy AH, change of entropy AS and hydrogen pressure calculated from e-c-T curves of electrochemical reactions have much larger inherent errors compared with those obtained from p-c-T curves of alloys in hydriding reactions with hydrogen gas ...