We prove a converse to Moore’s “Garden-of-Eden” theorem: a group G is amenable if and only if all cellular automata living on G that admit mutually erasable patterns also admit gardens of Eden. It had already been conjectured in [11; 1, Conjecture 6.2] that amenability could be characterized by cellular automata. We prove the first part of that conjecture.

Urban community gardens worldwide provide significant health benefits to those gardening and consuming fresh produce from them. Urban gardens are most often placed in locations and on land in which soil contaminants reflect past practices and often contain elevated levels of metals and organic contaminants. Garden plot dividers made from either railroad ties or chromated copper arsenate (CCA) p...

OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of gardens and outdoor spaces on the mental and physical well-being of people with dementia who are resident in care homes and understand the views of people with dementia, their carers, and care home staff on the value of gardens and outdoor spaces. DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS Fourteen databases were searched from inception to February 2013. Forward an...

The range and use of ecosystem services provided by urban sacred sites has hardly been considered in studies of urban ecology, sustainability and human wellbeing. This paper examines the perceived ecosystem services supplied by green spaces or gardens associated with places of religious worship and appreciated by worshippers in a mid-sized town in South Africa. A questionnaire with open, closed...

OBJECTIVES Objectives were to review the literature on horticultural therapy and describe the Danderyd Hospital Horticultural Therapy Garden and its associated horticultural therapy programme. DESIGN The literature review is based on the search words 'gardening', 'healing garden' and 'horticultural therapy'. The description is based on the second author's personal knowledge and popular-scient...

INTRODUCTION Poor mental health in childhood has implications for health and wellbeing in later life. Natural space may benefit children's social, emotional and behavioural development. We investigated whether neighbourhood natural space and private garden access were related to children's developmental change over time. We asked whether relationships differed between boys and girls, or by hous...

UNLABELLED Garden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenic Legionella bacteria. Legionella bacteria were detected in 22 of 177 garden soil samples (12%) by amoebal coculture. Of these 22 Legionella-positive soil samples, seven contained Legionella pneumophila Several other species were found, including the pathogenic Legionella longbeachae (4 gardens) and Legion...

A botanic garden is essentially a museum of living plants. The word 'museum' is derived from the name of the Greek goddesses of learning and the arts; thus a museum is a place devoted to the pursuit of such studies. A botanic garden is primarily a place where plants are grown for scientific study. But a garden differs from a museum in the fact that the objects in it are living and growing, and ...