Mass spectrometric analysis of peptides contained in enzymatically digested hydrolysates of proteins is increasingly being used to characterize potentially bioactive or otherwise interesting hydrolysates. However, when preparations containing mixtures of enzymes are used, from either biological or experimental sources, it is unclear which of these enzymes have been most important in hydrolyzing...

The Cu(II) complexes of cyclen and two of its heterosubstituted analogues were shown to be efficient oxidative DNA cleavers. The reactivity strongly depends on the heteroatom inserted into the macrocycle (O > S > N).

Galium aparine is a herbaceous climbing plant that attaches to host plants mainly via its leaves, which are covered by hooked trichomes. Although such hooks are found on both leaf surfaces, the leaves of G. aparine are mainly positioned upon the leaves of supporting plants and rarely beneath. In order to understand the mechanism underlying this observation, we have studied structural and mechan...

Background: Obesity is a leading preventable cause of death worldwide, with increasing prevalence in adults and children. Some studies have shown that increased body mass index is related to poor semen quality, decreased sperm concentration, decreased normal-motile sperm cells and increased DNA fragmentation index. Lipid peroxidation contributes to the damage of the sperm plasma membrane. Cinna...

The largest collection of Acheulian artefacts in the Siwalik region of the Indian sub-continent is from the site of Atbarapur in the Hosiarpur district of Punjab. It is not dated but recent synthesis of the palaeomagnetic and palaeontolgical data from the Siwaliks shows that some Upper Siwalik sediments are younger than the Olduvai event but in any case older than 0.6 Ma. The artefacts from Atb...