Background: Titanium (Ti) implants are commonly coated with hydroxyapatite (HA). However, HA has some disadvantages such as brittleness, low tensile strength and fracture toughness. It is desirable to combine the excellent mechanical properties of ZrO2 and the chemical inertness of Al2O3 with respect to the purpose of this project which was coating Ti implants with HA-ZrO2-Al2O3 to modify the s...

An optimized graded-refractive-index (GRIN) antireflection (AR) coating with broadband and omnidirectional characteristics--as desired for solar cell applications--designed by a genetic algorithm is presented. The optimized three-layer GRIN AR coating consists of a dense TiO2 and two nanoporous SiO2 layers fabricated using oblique-angle deposition. The normal incidence reflectance of the three-...

In this article, the effect of size-dependent on the buckling and vibration analysis of functionally graded (FG) double-layer boron nitride plate based on classical plate theory (CPT) under electro-thermo-mechanical loadings which is surrounded by elastic foundation is examined. This subject is developed using modified couple stress theory. Using Hamilton's principle, the governing equations of...

This report deals with a Bayesian neural network in a classiier context. In our network model, the units represent stochastic events, and the state of the units are related to the probability of these events. The basic Bayesian model is a one-layer neural network, which calculates the posterior probabilities of events, given some observed, independent events. The formulas underlying this networ...

Recent advances in the understanding and control of threading dislocations in substantially relaxed SiGe buffer layers on Si are presented. A model for threading dislocation flow in relaxed graded SiGe buffers is used to determine the potential lower limit of threading dislocation density in relaxed SiGe buffers. Greater densities than expected from the model are seen in relaxed graded alloys w...

The differentiation of areas of the mammalian neocortex has been hypothesized to be controlled by intrinsic genetic programs and extrinsic influences such as those mediated by thalamocortical afferents (TCAs). To address the interplay between these intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms in the process of arealization, we have analyzed the requirement of TCAs in establishing or maintaining graded or...

Purely elastic, partially and fully plastic stress states in a thick-walled spherical pressure vessel with an inner functionally graded material (FG) coating subjected to internal and external pressures are developed analytically in this paper. The modulus of elasticity and the uniaxial yield limit of the FG coating layer are considered to vary nonlinearly through the thickness. Using Tresca’s ...

• Full-field deformation response of density-graded foams is investigated by DIC. Effects density gradient are in-situ strain/stress measurements. Mechanisms associated with formation and propagation stress wave discussed. Double shock mechanism observed for graded negative gradients. Positive gradients show a unidirectional (single) compaction wave. Digital image correlation utilized to charac...