Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances that is mediated by the power forces of apparatus might lead to changes in blood circulation, predispose a number complications such as tooth movement and contributes morphological bone tissue remodeling. We have investigated 126 patients aged 16–35 years after appliance bracket therapy has caused orthodontically induced gingival hyperplasia. Immunolo...

THE OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was evaluation of metal ions (nickel and chromium) released from orthodontic appliances in cleft lip and palate patients and the usefulness of non-invasive matrices (saliva and hair). MATERIALS AND METHODS The material studied consisted of 100 individuals, including 59 females and 41 males of 5 to 16 years of age, which were divided into 3 groups: experiment...

In growing patients, it is possible to correct a second class skeletal mandibular retrusion with functional orthodontic appliances. We have viewed 1982-2016 PubMed articles to compare, in terms of compliance, timing, dental effects, and skeletal profilometric changes Twin block and Herbst appliances. The dental and skeletal effects are the same, but the Herbst unlike the Twin Block presents a r...

Orthodontics is based on tooth movement through bone resulting from the application of mechanical forces. The bone remodeling takes place through an inflammatory process associated with pain or discomfort. Orthodontic pain is the most frequent complaint of the patients undergoing orthodontic therapy. The lengthy duration of treatment along with frequent pain due to the orthodontic appliances of...

Orthodontic pain is the most frequent complaint of the patients undergoing orthodontic therapy and directly influences their compliance during the treatment. The lengthy duration of treatment along with frequent pain due to the orthodontic appliances often leads to patient burn out and has been associated with discontinuation of orthodontic treatment. It is imperative for the clinicians to iden...

In the second of two papers, management of orthodontic emergencies involving appliances other than Fixed appliances will be detailed. Problems relating to removable appliances, as well as other orthodontic adjuncts, will be discussed. Unfortunately, orthodontic appliance breakage does occur, despite the clinicians giving clear and concise instructions to the patients and their parents at fittin...

Class II malocclusion is one of the most common orthodontic problems in our population, and the most consistent diagnostic finding is mandibular skeletal retrusion. There are many treatment approaches for the correction of this malocclusion with varying degrees of scientific support. In the last twenty years, functional appliances were widely used for correction of sagittal intermaxillary relat...

INTRODUCTION Forces generated in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances create tension and compression zones in the periodontal ligament resulting in a painful experience for patients. In the first phase of orthodontic treatment, when leveling of teeth is needed, nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires can be completely engaged in brackets, even in the cases of extreme crowding, exerting small fo...