In this paper, the implication of various grades of hydrogen rich gas on the in-cylinder flame speed, and on the knock propensity, are discussed. The laminar flame propagation speed of methane with various grades of hydrogen-rich gas addition has been calculated. The effect of adding hydrogen, hydrogen rich gas from an ideal reformer (synthesis gas), as well as that from a non-catalytic plasmat...

The emission of carbon monoxide, greenhouse gases (e.g., dioxides), hydrocarbon, and particulate matter can be reduced by applying oxygenated additives as a blend to combustible hydrocarbon fuels. However, conventional oxygenates, such dimethyl ether methyl t-butyl ether, are sourced from non-renewable feedstocks. This study presents critical review on the catalytic synthesis furanic compounds,...

In this work, the recycling of nitrogen and hydrogen from nitrogen-rich (N-rich) biological residues via autothermal gasification has been proposed as a process suitable for sustainable production ammonia (NH3). Two N-rich residues, sewage sludge meat bone meal, were used analyzed in work glutamic acid was selected model compound protein-fuel-N these residues. Glutamic experiments carried out o...

The potential for efficient production of hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbon fuels using thermal plasmas has been investigated both analytically and experimentally. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the most efficient production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons can be achieved by partial oxidation (lambda = 0.25); at optimal conditions, the availability of the output fuel mixture is 83 percent of ...

The blue-emitting phosphor cerium activated yttrium silicate, (Y1 mCem)2SiO5, was prepared via a novel synthesis technique called combustion synthesis. Combustion synthesis involves a highly exothermic redox reaction between metal nitrates and an organic fuel to produce a solid powder. The combustion synthesis parameter, the fuel-to-oxidizer ratio, has a direct effect on the physical properties...