More than a century-and-half ago, William Froude and his son Robert [...]

For flow at a fixed gap ratio and Froude number, two distinctly different wake states are observed with the flow passing over the cylinder tending to switch from a state of attachment to the free surface, to one of separation from it, and then back again in a pseudo periodic fashion. The two dimensional numerically predicted behaviour is found to compare favourably with the experimental observa...

The study concerns an experimental investigation in the laboratory of the water erosion using a rainfall simulator. We have focused our attention on the influence of rainfall intensity on some hydraulic characteristics. The results obtained allow us to conclude that there is a significant correlation between rainfall intensity and hydraulic characteristics of runoff (Reynolds number, Froude num...

This paper presents a new approach for the fault-tolerance in layered distributed systems. We develop the dynamic regeneration method in which faulty software compone nts are dynamically regenerated. In contrast to other techniques which duplicated critical components, this method does not increase the complexity of the system and tolerates an unlimited numbe r of failures. To apply this techni...

A forced Korteweg–de Vries (fKdV) equation can be used to model the surface wave of a twodimensional water flow over a bump when the upstream Froude number is near one. The fKdV model typically has four types of solutions: sub-critical cnoidal waves, sub-critical hydraulic fall, transcritical upstream soliton radiation, and supercritical multiple solitary waves. This paper provides a numerical ...

A dropshaft is an energy dissipator connecting two channels with different invert elevations. Detailed air-water flow and acoustic measurements were conducted in a prototype dropshaft under controlled flow conditions, and complemented by a 1:3.1 scale model study. Experimental observations showed three flow regimes with distinct acoustic signatures. Strong flow aeration was recorded in two flow...

We consider two biological phenomena taking place at the air-water interface: the water lapping of felines and the water running of lizards. Although seemingly disparate motions, we show that they are intimately linked by their underlying hydrodynamics and belong to a broader class of processes called Froude mechanisms. We describe how both felines and lizards exploit inertia to defeat gravity,...

This paper provides a theoretical description of the 3-dimensional flow produced by a surface pressure distribution moving in a channel at speeds such that the Froude number based on depth is near 1. The transient flow begins in a fully 3-dimensional manner, then focuses away from the distribution, due to the side walls, into predominantly 2-dimensional "solitary" or "cnoidal" waves. Two sets o...