Quantifying the size of the tissue microstructure using the backscattered power spectrum has had limited success due to frequency-dependent attenuation along the propagation path, thus masking the frequency dependence of the scatterer size. Previously, the SPECTRAL FIT algorithm was developed to solve for total attenuation and scatterer size simultaneously [Bigelow et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1...

To investigate environmental vibration in the case of railway subgrade seasonally frozen regions, field experiments were conducted on Beijing–Harbin China autumn and winter. Vibration acceleration level attenuation law analysed based monitoring results. Accordingly, influence freeze-thaw states, vehicle load, train formation, running speed surface was analysed. The response decreased with an in...

The present paper deals with the analysis and development of noise-reduction transformer that has a filter function for conductive noise transmission. Two types of prototype noise-reduction transformers with two different output voltages are proposed. To determine an optimum design for the noise-reduction transformer, noise attenuation characteristics are discussed based on the experiments and ...

The frequency statistics of the backscattered waveform observed between tissue boundaries can be matched to a model to estimate the characteristic size of the scatterer in the tissue region of interest. In the past, the models have all assumed plane wave propagation requiring the use of unfocused or weakly focused sources in the experiment. In our work, we challenged this assumption by re-deriv...

Background. Functional studies indicate that sympathetic efferents are located in the superficial subepicardium and vagal efferents are located in the subendocardium. It is possible that electrical shocks applied directly to the heart might affect the function of these autonomic nerves. Methods and Results. Low(<1 J), medium(6 to 16 J), or high(30 to 35 J) energy truncated monophasic exponentia...

In this paper, the reconcilability between the P-value and the posterior probability in testing a point null hypothesis against the one-sided hypothesis is considered. Two essential families, non regular and exponential family of distributions, are studied. It was shown in a non regular family of distributions; in some cases, it is possible to find a prior distribution function under which P-va...

The point spread function (PSF) is an important property for predicting beam propagation and imaging system performance. Measurements of the PSF in three different locations (Pacific Ocean, Tongue of the Ocean, and Sargasso Sea) are presented. These measurements are used to validate extensive laboratory measurements [S. Q. Duntley, "Underwater Lighting by Submerged Lasers and Incandescent Sourc...