Visualizing the navigation of an ensemble of unfolded molecules through the bumpy energy landscape in search of the native state gives a pictorial view of biomolecular folding. This picture, when combined with concepts in polymer theory, provides a unified theory of RNA and protein folding. Just as for proteins, the major folding free energy barrier for RNA scales sublinearly with the number of...

1 In this paper, we propose a peptide folding prediction method which discovers contrast patterns to differentiate and predict peptide folding classes. A contrast pattern is defined as a set of sequentially associated amino acids which frequently appear in one type of folding but significantly infrequent in other folding classes. Our hypothesis is that each type of peptide folding has its uniqu...

In this paper, a theoretical formula is presented to predict the instantaneous folding force of the first fold creation in a square column under axial loading. Calculations are based on analysis of “Basic Folding Mechanism” introduced by Wierzbicki and Abramowicz. For this purpose, the sum of dissipated energy rate under bending around horizontal and inclined hinge lines and dissipated energy r...

Molecular Dynamics-based simulations have been employed to study the protein folding process, in which a protein acquires its functional three-dimensional structure. This has resulted in a large number of protein folding trajectories. As a result, it becomes increasingly important to analyze such data to facilitate a deeper understanding of the protein folding mechanism. In this paper, we focus...

The Folding@home project harnesses a volunteer distributed computing network to perform ab initio molecular simulations of protein folding. Thanks to engineering innovations like a Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) client for running simulations, Folding@home is able to harness over 6.1 petaFLOPS of processing power, allowing it to simulate longer and more complex protein folding mechanisms than ...

In this paper, we present a new and innovative sheet material folding technology and the associated advances in folding different patterns using continuous manufacturing techniques. A novel approach is developed for the continuous folding process where sheet material is progressively folded in two dimensions, through a set of rollers, followed by a configured roller for the final folding in the...