Cortical blood flow at the level of individual capillaries and the coupling of neuronal activity to flow in capillaries are fundamental aspects of homeostasis in the normal and the diseased brain. To probe the dynamics of blood flow at this level, we used two-photon laser scanning microscopy to image the motion of red blood cells (RBCs) in individual capillaries that lie as far as 600 micromete...

Natural convection between vertical parallel plates occurs frequently in applications such as solar collectors and cooling of electronic instruments. The problem is a two dimensional developing buoyant flow. In this work, the two dimensional conservation equations are solved numerically for constant wall temperature and constant wall heat flux. The results for the local Nusselt number at the du...

Background and Objectives: One of the problems in juice membrane clarification is the accumulation and deposition of rejected compounds on membrane surfaces or inside its pores which results in a membrane fouling. Materials and Methods: Several parameters can have influence on fouling in one hand and prediction of juice permeates flux during the membrane processing is of importance in indust...

Natural convection between vertical parallel plates occurs frequently in applications such as solar collectors and cooling of electronic instruments. The problem is a two dimensional developing buoyant flow. In this work, the two dimensional conservation equations are solved numerically for constant wall temperature and constant wall heat flux. The results for the local Nusselt number at the du...

8 Definitions 9 Heat flow. The rate of thermal energy transfer in a medium 10 driven either conductively along a thermal gradient or 11 advectively via mass transport. The standard unit is 12 watts, W. The term is also used to describe a subdiscipline 13 of geophysics, as in the title of this entry. 14 Conductive heat flux. The heat flow per unit area diffusing 15 by conduction along a thermal ...

An investigation has been made to analyze the effects of viscous dissipation on the heat transfer characteristics for both hydro-dynamically and thermally fully developed, laminar shear driven flow between two infinitely long parallel plates, where the upper plate is moving in an axial direction at a constant speed. On the basis of some routine assumptions made in the literature, a close form a...

In the present study, the effective parameters of water-Al2O3 nanofluid flowing in flat tubes are investigated using the EFAST Sensitivity Analysis (SA) method. The SA is performed using GMDH type artificial neural networks (ANN) which are based on validated numerical data of two phase modeling of nanofluid flow in flat tubes. There are five design variables namely: tube flattening (H), flow ra...

The interaction of a diffusing outgas flow from a sphere nose opposing a hypersonic free stream is studied numerically using the direct simulation Monte-Carlo technique under the transitional rarefied-gas-flow regime conditions at Knudsen numbers from 0.016 to 1.5 and blowing factors from 0.15 to 1.5. Strong influences of the blowing factor (the ratio of outgas mass flux to upstream mass flux) ...

This work presents a rigorous numerical validation of analytical stochastic models of steady state unsaturated flow in heterogeneous porous media. It also provides a crucial link between stochastic theory based on simplifying assumptions and empirical field and simulation evidence of variably saturated flow in actual or realistic hypothetical heterogeneous porous media. Statistical properties o...

The dual cascade of enstrophy and energy in quasi-two-dimensional turbulence strongly suggests that a viscous but otherwise potential vorticity (PV) conserving system decays selectively toward a state of minimum potential enstrophy. We derive a nonperturbative mean field theory for the dynamics of minimum enstrophy relaxation by constructing an expression for PV flux during the relaxation proce...