Fluid shear stress in arteries and arterioles partially obstructed by atherosclerosis or spasm may exceed the normal time-average level of 20 dyne/cm2. In vitro, at fluid shear stresses of 30 to 60 dyne/cm2 applied for 30 seconds, platelet aggregation occurs. At these shear stresses, either large or unusually large von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers in the suspending fluid exogenous to the p...

The unsteady natural convection flow of an incompressible viscous fluid near a vertical plate that applies an arbitrary shear stress to the fluid is studied using the Laplace transform technique. The fluid flow is due to both the shear and the heating of the plate. Closed-form expressions for velocity and temperature are established under the usual Boussinesq approximation. For illustration pur...

We use numerical experiments to analyze the kinetics of grain boundary wetting in polycrystalline aggregates under the influence of an external applied shear stress. Grain boundary wetting is driven by the stress concentration at the tip of the fluid front. The extent of wetting of favorably oriented grain boundaries depends on the fluid mobility number b, which is defined as the ratio of the r...

BACKGROUND/AIM Practical difficulties, particularly long model development time, have limited the types and applicability of computational fluid dynamics simulations in numerical modeling of blood flow in serial manner. In these simulations, the most revealing flow parameters are the endothelial shear stress distribution and oscillatory shear index. The aim of this study was analyze their role ...

The velocity field and the shear stress corresponding to motion of an Oldroyd-B fluid between two infinite coaxial circular cylinders are established by means of the Hankel transforms. The flow of the fluid is produced due to the time dependent axial shear stress applied on the boundary of the inner cylinder. The exact solutions, presented under a series form, can easily be specialized to give ...

We tested the hypothesis that fluid shear stress (tau) modifies the expression, function, and distribution of junctional proteins [connexin (Cx)43, Cx45, and zona occludens (ZO)-1] in cultured bone cells. Cell lines with osteoblastic (MC3T3-E1 cells) and osteocytic (MLO-Y4 cells) phenotypes were exposed to tau-values of 5 or 20 dyn/cm(2) for 1-3 h. Immunostaining indicated that at 5 dyn/cm(2), ...

Aims. To explore the effects and mechanisms of fluid shear stress on portal vein remodeling in a rat model of portal hypertension. Methods. Subcutaneous injections of CCl4 were given to establish a rat model of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Biomechanical technology was adopted to determine the dynamic changes of haemodynamic indices and fluid shear stress. Nitric oxide (NO), synthase...

Structural adaptation of the bone tissue is mediated by loading-induced interstitial fluid flow within the bone microstructure. Within this framework, osteocytes fulfill the central mechanotransductive role in the bone remodeling process. While osteocytes have been demonstrated to be exquisitely sensitive to various forms of fluid flow stimulus in vitro, the effect of different oscillating flui...

Renal epithelial cells are exposed to mechanical forces due to flow-induced shear stress within the nephrons. Shear stress is altered in renal diseases caused by tubular dilation, obstruction, and hyperfiltration, which occur to compensate for lost nephrons. Fundamental in regulation of shear stress are primary cilia and other mechano-sensors, and defects in cilia formation and function have pr...

At various stages during embryogenesis and cancer cells are exposed to tension, compression and shear stress; forces that can regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. In the present study, we show that shear stress blocks cell cycle progression in colon cancer cells and regulates the expression of genes linked to the Wnt/beta-catenin, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NFkappaB...