in temperate forests canopy gaps play an important role in driving stand dynamics. the purpose of this research was to compare soil characteristics in forest gaps with several size and its relation to beech regeneration density in lalis forest, chalous. in order to investigate factors, three gap sizes as small gap (200 m2), medium gap (400 m2), and large gap (600 m2) with three replicate were s...

Quantifying the aggregation patterns of urban population, economic activities, and land use are essential for understanding compact development, but little is known about difference among distribution characteristics how built environment influences aggregation. In this study, five elements collected in Wuhan, China, namely population density, floor area ratio, business POIs, road network built...

In most cases, structural engineers assume a concrete floor to be a rigid diaphragm. Although this simplification is in most cases acceptable, it should be noted that such an assumption may be distrusted due to certain problems. Concrete structures with staggered shear walls are among those whose analysis should be conducted with special concern for the behavior of their floor diaphragms. Howev...

We present a new type of iterative decoders for low-density parity check (LDPC) codes that use simple Boolean functions for variable node processing and surpass the belief propagation decoders in the error floor region. We discuss the error performance, guaranteed error correction capability and speed and implementation complexity of these decoders as factors crucial for application that requir...

The rural collective construction land (RCCL) market imperfections, as well informal regulations, may have contributed to high transaction costs. Well-functioning markets play an essential role in land-use revenue, efficiency, and allocation efficiency for the economic organization (RCEO). Therefore, specific patterns detailed rules rental sales market, respectively, make a contribution suitabl...