Stanniocalcin (STC) is a polypeptide hormone discovered first in fish and more recently in mammals. In mammals, the gene is widely expressed and the hormone is, so far, known to be involved in regulating the transport of calcium or phosphate across renal and gut epithelia, and into neuronal cells. Gene expression is also high during development, and in an earlier study we mapped the temporal an...

Pharyngeal endoderm is essential for and can reprogram development of the head skeleton. Here we investigate the roles of specific endodermal structures in regulating craniofacial development. We have isolated an integrinalpha5 mutant in zebrafish that has region-specific losses of facial cartilages derived from hyoid neural crest cells. In addition, the cranial muscles that normally attach to ...

the present study was conducted to provide a detailed descriptive osteology of barbus cyri from southern caspian sea for the first time and comparing it with those of b. lacerta from the tigris and urmia lake basins. for this purpose, twelve specimens of b. cyri were collected from safidrud river using electrofishing device and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. then, the specimens were cleared an...

Skeleton can be viewed as a compact shape representation in that the shape can be completely reconstructed form the skeleton. We present a novel method for skeleton pruning that is based on this fundamental skeleton property. We iteratively remove skeleton end braches with smallest relevance for shape reconstruction. The relevance of branches is measured as their contribution to shape reconstru...

this paper studies the semantic contribution of –e suffix based on lieber (2004). this theory using seven semantic features and a principle called coindexation principle studies the semantic contribution of lexical items and their function in compounding, derivation and conversion. in this theory each lexical item even affixes have a semantic skeleton and a semantic body. each affix has to have...

The large marine pachypleurosaur sauropterygian Serpianosaurus germanicus nov. spec., representing the oldest well known record of this genus from the Pelsonian, is introduced based on a postcranial skeleton. Of younger age are the Serpianosaurus mirigolensis (Rieppel, 1989) specimens from the Illyrian/Fassanian boundary (Grenzbitumen Bed) of the northwestern Tethys (Monte San Giorgio). Additio...

When partially amputated or severely injured, teleost fins suffer a regenerative process called epimorphic regeneration characterised by the following stages: the formation of a multistratified epidermal layer, the disorganisation and distal migration of multipotent mesenchymal cells, the proliferation of these cells in order to form the blastema, continuous proliferation of distal blastema to ...

Skeleton extraction is a very challenging subject, and has an important application value. Because of the ambiguity and complexity of cerebrovascular image, the skeleton gained by conventional skeleton algorithms is discontinuous. This paper proposes a cerebrovascular image skeleton extraction algorithm based on topological nodes. This algorithm first determines the important topological nodes ...

from Rasmussen, C.E. 1988. The use of strontium as an indicator of anthropogenically altered environmental parameters. "Proceedings of the Sixth International Coral Reef Symposium," Townsville, Australia, 8th-12th August 1988. pp. 325-330. ISBN 0-7316-5607-5: The use of strontium levels precipitated into coral skeletal material has long been recognised as an indicator of oceanic temperature at ...