We present two novel, fully three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) schemes in cylindrical coordinates for transient simulation of electromagnetic wave propagation in complex (inhomogeneous, dispersive, and conductive) and unbounded media. The proposed FDTD schemes incorporate an extension of the perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition (ABC) to three-dime...

We present a method to compute Casimir forces in arbitrary geometries and for arbitrary materials based on the finite-difference time-domain FDTD scheme. The method involves the time evolution of electric and magnetic fields in response to a set of current sources, in a modified medium with frequency-independent conductivity. The advantage of this approach is that it allows one to exploit exist...

In this paper, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is applied to calculate the resonant frequency of dielectric resonators (DR’s) with curved surface. The contour-path integral FDTD (CFDTD) is modified to deal with the curved surface of the dielectric body while the traditional rectangular cells are maintained. Results are compared with theoretical values and staircase approximation...

SUMMARY Metamaterials are generally defined as a class of artificial effective media which macroscopically exhibit extraordinary electromagnetic properties that may not be found in nature, and are composed of periodically structured dielectric, or magnetic, or metallic materials. This paper reviews recently developed electromagnetic modeling methods of metama-tericals and their inherent basic i...

This paper presents a novel method of coupling a quasistatic field solver with the finite-difference time-domain technique for the more efficient modeling of multilayer packaging structures including metal and dielectric loss effects. Lossy metal characteristics are first simulated with a dense quasistatic or a dense 2.5D-FDTD grid and the resulting field correction factors are then used to enh...

We present a three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm to minimize the numerical dispersion error at preassigned angles. Filtering schemes are used to further optimize its frequency response for broad-band simulations. A stability analysis of the resulting FDTD algorithm is also provided. Numerical results show that the dispersion error around any preassigned angle can be...

The interaction of light with multiple red blood cells was systematically investigated by the finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD). The simulations showed that the lateral multiple scattering between red blood cells is very weak and that the polarization has an almost insignificant influence on the distribution of the scattered light. The numerical results of the FDTD method were compare...

A parameter optimized approach for reducing the numerical dispersion of the 3-D hybrid implicit-explicit finite-difference time-domain (HIE-FDTD) is presented in this letter. By adding a parameter into the HIE-FDTD formulas, the error of the numerical phase velocity can be controlled, causing the numerical dispersion to decrease significantly. The numerical stability and dispersion relation are...

An efficient method is presented for rigorous analysis of incident field coupling to high speed interconnects. The method is based on generating time domain equivalent sources from incoming fields through finite difference time domain analysis (FDTD) and incorporating them with a circuit level simulator such as SPICE. With this approach, it is possible to perform a circuit analysis of arbitrari...

In this article, an optimized E-shaped patch antenna for Bluetooth (2.4–2.484 GHz) and UWB (3.1–10.6 GHz) applications with WLAN (5.15–5.825 GHz) band-notched characteristics is proposed. The dimensions of the E-shaped antenna structure in addition to the position of the slotted C-shape in the ground plane are optimized using recent optimization techniques such as Modified Particle Swarm Optimi...