BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was to investigate activation of inflammatory markers in human macrophages derived from the U937 cell line after exposure to particulate matter (PM) collected on dairy farms in California and to identify the most potent components of the PM. METHODS PM from different dairies were collected and tested to induce an inflammatory response determined by ...

OBJECTIVE Fine particulate matter <2.5 microm (PM(2.5)) has been implicated in vasoconstriction and potentiation of hypertension in humans. We investigated the effects of short-term exposure to PM(2.5) in the angiotensin II (AII) infusion model. METHODS AND RESULTS Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to PM(2.5) or filtered air (FA) for 10 weeks. At week 9, minipumps containing AII were implanted...

Spatiotemporal variations in attributes of particulate matter (PM) in ambient air are important estimates of environmental pollution and public health risks. In particularly, the exposure to fine PM, with count mean diameters of less than 4μm, has been associated with undesirable health effects. Therefore, methodologies that analyze the size profiles of fine PM in ambient air segments at ground...

In this study, two different types of assays were used to quantitatively measure the re-dox activity of PM and to examine its intrinsic toxicity: 1) in vitro exposure to rat alveolar macrophage (AM) cells using dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) as the fluorescent probe (macrophage ROS assay), and: 2) consumption of dithiothreitol (DTT) in 5 a cell-free system (DTT assay). Coarse (PM 10−2.5...

UNLABELLED The emission of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and ammonia (NH3) by aeration processes at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with and without odor control units was examined. Local concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and NH3 at the aeration basins were within urban ranges. Emission fluxes of NH3 and PM2.5 for a medium-sized WWTP were determined to be 136 g day(-1) and 43 g day(-1), ...

among human activities, motor vehicles play the most important role in air pollution. air pollution has negative impacts on people and on the environment. in this paper the effect of oxygen-enriched air (20.8%, 21.8%, 22.8%, 23.8% and 24.8%) and different bioethanol-gasoline blends (zero, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) in different engine speeds (1000 rpm, 2000 rpm and 3000 rpm) on the amount of po...

OBJECTIVE To measure levels of fine particulate matter in the rear passenger area of cars where smoking does and does not take place during typical real-life car journeys. METHODS Fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) was used as a marker of secondhand smoke and was measured and logged every minute of each car journey undertaken by smoking and non-smoking study participants. The monitoring instru...

Ambient air pollution (AAP) and particulate matters (PM) have been closely associated with adverse health effects such as respiratory disease and cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have examined the adverse health effects associated with short- and long-term exposure to AAP and outdoor PM on respiratory disease. However, the effect of PM size (PM2.5 and PM10) on cardiovascular disease ha...