نتایج جستجو برای: final emergence population
تعداد نتایج: 955553 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Unified Growth Theory uncovers the forces that contributed to the existence of multiple growth regimes and the emergence of convergence clubs. It suggests that differential timing of take-offs from stagnation to growth segmented economies into three fundamental regimes: slow growing economies in a Malthusian regime, fast growing countries in a sustained growth regime, and economies in the trans...
As has been stated elsewhere, norms are a valuable means of establishing coherent cooperative behaviour in decentralised systems in which there is no central authority. Axelrod’s seminal model of norm establishment in populations of self-interested individuals provides some insight into the mechanisms needed to support this through the use of metanorms, but considers only limited scenarios and ...
The spread of H5N1 avian influenza and the recent high numbers of confirmed human cases have raised international concern about the possibility of a new pandemic. Therefore, antiviral drugs are now being stockpiled to be used as a first line of defence. The large-scale use of antivirals will however exert a strong selection pressure on the virus, and may lead to the emergence of drug-resistant ...
The gay, lesbian, and queer population is a marginalized group, but its concerns are not marginal to planning. It is a sizable group, heterogeneous (not least in income), and growing in visibility. This article examines the implications for planning practice of the emergence of gay men, lesbians, and related nonconformist groups. Most of the research that is easily applied to planning practice ...
In our ongoing studies of emergent properties at different hierarchical levels in the grass tribe Stipeae, an additional species, Achnatherum occidentale, is included to broaden the comparison. The degree of emergence seen parallels that of previous studies, an increasing trend from populations to individuals and species to related groups of species. The degree of emergence in species pairs tha...
Richard A. Neher∗, Marija Vucelja∗∗, Mark Mezard†, and Boris I. Shraiman‡ ∗Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ∗∗Courant Institute for Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY10012 †Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques, CNRS and Univ. Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France and ‡Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics and Departmen...
Children will develop their parental languages correctly, since language learners come to obtain the one which they contact most in the community. At the same time, children would be affected by other languages, the influence of which is proportional to the population of those languages. In this paper, we revise the foregoing evolutionary theory of language, that is differential equations of th...
We sequenced the genomes of 3,615 strains of serotype Emm protein 1 (M1) group A Streptococcus to unravel the nature and timing of molecular events contributing to the emergence, dissemination, and genetic diversification of an unusually virulent clone that now causes epidemic human infections worldwide. We discovered that the contemporary epidemic clone emerged in stepwise fashion from a precu...
We investigate the emergent population dynamics of an iterated game in which members of two antagonistic populations are randomly paired in each round. The basic setting is symmetric between these two populations, but this symmetry can be broken by giving the members of the two populations access to different strategy spaces or by assigning different values to parameters determining the composi...
A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the benefits (if any) associated with the incorporation of polyamines in the priming media for hybrid sunflower achene priming. Achenes were subjected to hydropriming for 24 h and in the solutions containing 10 mg L spermidine and putrescine for 24 h. All the achene priming treatments resulted in improved germination and early seedling growth. Primin...
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