Aggressive conflicts between males are often resolved by means of multiple ritualized agonistic displays without damaging escalation. Apparently, in such cases by using those displays opponents exchange important motivational and physical information on which they base a decision to stay or leave the interaction. In the Siamese fighting fish, the time spent spreading the dorsal fin and erecting...

The growth rate and percent survival of Betta splendens when submitted to formulated diet and live food treatments are evaluated. The three different diets were used and designated as: formulated diet (basal diet); live food diet (plankton) and mixed diet (formulated diet with plankton). The live food diet contained plankton belonging to an open pond. High mortality was reported with live food ...

OBJECTIVES We sought to (1) compare estimates of the prevalence of fighting and weapon carrying among adolescent boys and girls in North American and European countries and (2) assess in adolescents from a subgroup of these countries comparative rates of weapon carrying and characteristics of fighting and injury outcomes, with a determination of the association between these indicators of viole...

Competitive fighting was obtained in pairs of like-sexed laboratory rats by placing a single piece of food into the food hopper following 48 hr. of food deprivation. The fighting was characterized by offensive sideways posture, full aggressive posture, and bite and kick attack. Tests were conducted at 110-120 days of age on pairs of animals that had been housed together since weaning. Fighting ...

Cybercrime is becoming ever more serious. Findings from the 2002 Computer Crime and Security Survey show an upward trend that demonstrates a need for a timely review of existing approaches to fighting this new phenomenon in the information age. In this paper, we define different types of cybercrime and review previous research and current status of fighting cybercrime in different countries tha...

Fighting disease: In the first �eca�es after the intr��ucti�n �f antibi�tics,� there �as �i�es�rea� ��timism that the fi�ht a�ainst infecti�us �isease c�ul� be ��n. This early a�vert f�r �enicillin �as tar�ete� at W�rl� War II servicemen. (Picture: Wiki�e�ia.) F�r a fe� �eca�es,� ar�un� the mi��le �f the 20th century,� there �as �i�es�rea� ��timism that science c�ul� �in the fi�ht a�ainst infec...

A pioneer in the early identification of drug resistance in tuberculosis patients, Sir John Crofton and his colleagues' seminal research into multidrug therapy for tuberculosis patients in the 1950s laid the groundwork for the WHO-recommended tuberculosis treatment today. This is one of the last interviews he gave before he passed away on 3 November at the age of 97, after a career that spanned...