The digestion of neodymium (NdFeB) magnets was investigated in the context recycling rare earth elements (i.e., Nd, Pr, Dy, and Tb). Among more conventional techniques (microwave digestion, open vessel alkaline fusion), focused infrared (FID) tested as a possible approach to rapidly efficiently solubilize NdFeB magnets. FID parameters were initially optimized with unmagnetized magnet powder sub...

Optimal escape theory states that animals should counterbalance the costs and benefits of flight when escaping from a potential predator. However, in apparent contradiction with this well-established optimality model, birds and mammals generally initiate escape soon after beginning to monitor an approaching threat, a phenomena codified as the "Flush Early and Avoid the Rush" (FEAR) hypothesis. ...

PURPOSE We suggest a motion correction concept that employs free-induction-decay (FID) navigator signals to continuously monitor motion and to guide the acquisition of image navigators for prospective motion correction following motion detection. METHODS Motion causes out-of-range signal changes in FID time series that, and in this approach, initiate the acquisition of an image navigator. Co-...

Alert distance (AD) and flight initiation (FID) are popular measures used to explore the reaction of prey approaching predators, thus economics underlying optimal escape strategies. AD likely mirrors effort invested into vigilance, while FID provides an estimate perceived risk threat. Although individual variation in is influenced by environmental factors such as predation pressure human distur...

background: urinary organic acids are water-soluble intermediates and end products of the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and a number of other metabolic processes. in the hereditary diseases known as organic acidurias, an enzyme or co-factor defect in a metabolic pathway leads to the accumulation and increased excretion of one or more of these acidic metabolites. gas chromato...

Functional MRI (fMRI) measures neural activity indirectly by detecting the signal change associated with the hemodynamic response following brain activation. In order to alleviate the temporal and spatial specificity problems associated with fMRI, a number of attempts have been made to detect neural magnetic fields (NMFs) with MRI directly, but have thus far provided conflicting results. In thi...