The following Protocol contains medical necessity criteria that apply for this service. It is applicable to Medicare Advantage products unless separate Medicare Advantage criteria are indicated. If the criteria are not met, reimbursement will be denied and the patient cannot be billed. Preauthorization is not required. Please note that payment for covered services is subject to eligibility and ...

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BACKGROUND A substudy of the Management of Myelomeningocele Study evaluating urological outcomes was conducted. METHODS Pregnant women diagnosed with fetal myelomeningocele were randomly assigned to either prenatal or standard postnatal surgical repair. The substudy included patients randomly assigned after April 18, 2005. The primary outcome was defined in their children as death or the need...

OBJECTIVE It was the aim of this study to assess the prevalence of preschool neurobehavioral problems in children following fetal myelomeningocele (fMMC) surgery. METHODS Prior to the Management of Myelomeningocele Study, 30 fMMC patients underwent a standardized neurodevelopmental examination at 5 years of age. The prevalence of behavioral problems was assessed by the Child Behavior Check Li...

The article presents an analysis of literature data on the issues anesthesia in fetal surgery for various interventions fetus. Publications containing detailed information maternal and anesthesia, published EMBASE, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web Science, Scopus databases period 2012–2022 were analyzed. Meta-analyses, systematic reviews, clinical guidelines, observational studies, case ser...

Objective With advances in prenatal diagnosis and fetal therapy, there are increasing service requirements for fetal surgery. This is provided in the UK at 16 established subspecialist Fetal Medicine Units (FMU). Evidence based design or architectural guidelines for these specialised units do not exist. This paper compares the different types of fetal therapy facilities in the UK with the objec...