Prenatal diagnosis (PD) is available for pregnancies at risk of monogenic disorders. However, PD requires the use of invasive obstetric techniques for fetal-sample collection and therefore, involves a risk of fetal loss. Circulating fetal DNA in the maternal bloodstream is being used to perform non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD). NIPD is a challenging discipline because of the biological fe...

in order to identify the sex marker in mahisefied, rutilus frisii kutum, samples from 5 male and 5 female fish were collected from the south caspian sea. polymerase chain reaction random amplified polymorphic dna (pcr-rapd) was performed using 124 primer sets. all bands were numbered using 1 and 0 scores corresponding to the presence or absence of bands, respectively and data were analyzed usin...

PROBLEM Several pregnancy complications have disparities based on the sex of the fetus. It is unknown whether the sex of the fetus differentially alters the maternal immune milieu, potentially contributing to the observed differences. METHOD OF STUDY Using maternal plasma collected during 38 uncomplicated pregnancies (19 males, 19 females), we compared levels of cytokines, sex hormones, and a...

the late sexual maturity in sturgeon and the absence of morphological differences between males and females makes sex discrimination difficult. identification of sex at an early life stage is of high interest in caviar production because it allows efficient selection of females. in this study, the genome of 10 mature male and 10 mature female specimens of persian sturgeon (acipenser persicus...

objective(s):to determine the fetal discernment in suspected cases of sex linked recessive disease in the first trimester of pregnancy. materials and methods: after collection of 100 chorionic villi samples, the dnas were extracted and baby gender was determined. meanwhile, after increasing the sensitivity, the system was able to detect the sex of each cell which was obtained by biopsy. results...