For a century, the discovery of ferromanganese (Fe–Mn) nodules in World Ocean was universally and indisputably credited to Challenger circum-global oceanographic expedition 1872–1876, during which first manganese crusts were dredged up from sea floor February–March 1873. A century later, counterclaim appeared literature, crediting Nordenskiöld's on Sofia 1868, five years before findings, for Fe...

The Rio Grande Rise (RGR) is an extensive structural high located in the South Atlantic Ocean, target of increasing exploratory interest. During last decades, considerable attention has been given to its genesis, dynamic, regional tectonic, and composition. Some studies indicate presence volcanic rocks, mainly basaltic, related their origin Ferromanganese Crusts, boosting research economic This...