We non-perturbatively study the fermion spectrum in the chiral symmetric phase from the Schwinger-Dyson equation with the Feynman gauge, in which we perform an analytic continuation of the solution on the imaginary time axis to the real time axis with a method employing an integral equation. It is shown that the fermion spectrum has two peaks, which correspond to the normal quasi-fermion and th...

For the Cooper/BCS model interaction in superconductors (SCs) it is shown: a) how BCS-Bose crossover picture transition temperatures Tc, defined self-consistently by both the gap and fermion-number equations, require unphysically large couplings to differ significantly from the Tc of ordinary BCS theory defined without the number equation since here the chemical potential is assumed equal to th...

Abstract To understand the mechanism of the fermion pair and fermion-antifermion pair condensation,existence of the solutions of Bethe-Salpeter equation in QED3 is examined.In the ladder appoximation our solution for the axialscalar is consistent with Ward-Takahashi-identity for the axial vector currents.In addition to massless psedoscalar fermion-antifermion (fa) system there exists solutions ...

Without internal quark loops such basic phenomena as color charge screening and fast quark fragmentation into hadrons cannot be formulated. Accordingly, the fermion determinant is one of the central quantities in any ab initio lattice QCD calculation that will confront experiment. It is proposed to use analytic results for fermion determinants in QCD and QED as a check on extrapolated lattice f...

Recent developments in quantum technology mean that is it now possible to manipulate systems and measure fermion fields (e.g. reservoirs of electrons) at the quantum level. This progress has motivated some recent work on filtering theory for quantum systems driven by fermion fields by Korotkov, Milburn and others. The purpose of this paper is to develop fermion filtering theory using the fermio...

I derive the generating functional for n-point Green’s function of the effective fermion (quark) fields in domain-wall fermions, and clarify the issues pertainent to finite Ns and the lattice spacing a5 in the fifth dimension. These issues can be examined by computing the index, the axial anomaly, and the fermion determinant of the effective lattice Dirac operator, in 2D abelian background gaug...

The possibility of grand unification of the standard model (SM) with fermion spectrum extended to include mirror fermions is examined. SM gauge couplings do not automatically unify. SO(10) grand unification is studied with one intermediate scale. Renormalization group equations (RGE) for fermion Yukawa couplings and the scalar self-coupling are studied numerically at one and two loop level. Str...

The phase diagrams at high temperature of SU(N) gauge theories with massive fermions are calculated by numerically minimizing the one-loop effective potential. We consider fermions in the Fundamental (F), Adjoint (Adj), Antisymmetric (AS), and Symmetric (S) representations, for N from 3 to 9, with periodic and antiperiodic boundary conditions applied. For one flavour of AS/S (Dirac) fermion wit...

The gauge independence of the dynamical fermion mass generated through chiral symmetry breaking in QED in a strong, constant external magnetic field is critically examined. We show that the bare vertex approximation, in which the vertex corrections are ignored, is a consistent truncation of the Schwinger-Dyson equations in the lowest Landau level approximation. The dynamical fermion mass, obtai...