We study the modulational instability (MI) of a linearly polarized electromagnetic (EM) wave envelope in an intermediate regime relativistic degenerate plasmas at finite temperature (T≠0) where thermal energy (KBT) and rest-mass (mec2) electrons do not differ significantly, i.e., βe≡KBT/mec2≲ (or ≳) 1, but Fermi (KBTF) chemical potential (μe) are still bit higher than energy, TF>T ξe=μe/...

In plasmas, Debye screening structures the possible correlations between particles. We identify a phase space minimum h* in non-equilibrium space plasmas that connects the energy of particles in a Debye sphere to an equivalent wave frequency. In particular, while there is no a priori reason to expect a single value of h* across plasmas, we find a very similar value of h* ≈ (7.5 ± 2.4)×10 J·s us...

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The first massive level of closed bosonic string theory is studied. Free-field equations are derived by imposing Weyl invariance on the world sheet. A two-parameter solution to the equation of motion and constraints is found in two dimensions with a flat linear-dilaton background. One-to-one tachyon scattering is studied in this background. The results support Dhar, Mandal and Wadia’s proposal ...

In the present paper we discuss the modifications introduced into the first-order Fermi shock acceleration process due to a finite extent of diffusive regions near the shock or due to boundary conditions leading to an increased particle escape upstream and/or downstream the shock. In the considered simple example of the planar shock wave we idealize the escape phenomenon by imposing a particle ...

We suggest that the (small but nonvanishing) cosmological constant, and the holographic properties of gravitational entropy, may both reflect unconventional quantum spin-statistics at a fundamental level. This conjecture is motivated by the nonlocality of quantum gravity and the fact that spin is an inherent property of spacetime. As an illustration we consider the ‘quon’ model which interpolat...

Aims. To calculate the power budget for electron acceleration and the efficiency of the plasma emission mechanism in a post-flare decimetric continuum source. Methods. We have imaged a high brightness temperature (∼109 K) post-flare source at 1060 MHz with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT). We use information from these images and the dynamic spectrum from the Hiraiso spectrograph toge...