a growing body of research has indicated that students of esl/efl are reticent and unwilling to be engaged in oral activities in english lessons. communicative language ability includes speaking ability, so vocabulary knowledge plays an integral role in speaking a language. however, there have been few studies examining the degree to which vocabulary knowledge affects speaking ability. the pres...

Many factors may be involved in determining why some students are more and some are less proficient in language. This study tried to explore the factors affecting Iranian EFL learners’ proficiency. 221 students at second, third and fourth year of university, including 50 male and 171 female were selected randomly to participate in the study. A researcher-made questionnaire and a proficiency tes...

computer-assisted language learning (call) is reaching an up most position in the pedagogical field of english as a second or foreign language (esl/efl). the present study was carried out to study the effect of using phonetic websites on iranian efl students’ pronunciation and knowledge of phonemic symbols. participants of the study included 30 efl female pre-intermediate students studying in k...

this article considers literature with all its literary obligations as a narration of language and analyzes two generations of authors while focusing on the gender variable. in this research two pairs of literary texts within the period of forty years are analyzed using discourse analysis and speech from formalist school of literature, in order to extract the literary and gender features. the a...

In view of native/nonnative language teacher dichotomy, different characteristics have been assigned to these 2 groups. The dichotomy has been the source of different actions and measures to clarify the positive and negative points of being (non)native teachers. In recent years, many researchers have revisited this dichotomy. The challenge to the dichotomy can be a source of motivation to explo...

this study was an attempt to find out to what extent efl learners at different levels of language proficiency experience inner speech as mental rehearsal and to identify some of the characteristics and functions of their inner speech. for this purpose, one hundred seventy-four iranian female students majoring in english translation at islamic azad university, tehran central branch, took part in...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of female genital cutting (FGC) among young adult (10-24 years of age) females in Jigjiga district, eastern Ethiopia. METHODS A school-based cross-sectional mixed method combining both quantitative and qualitative research methods was employed among 679 randomly selected young adult female students from Jigjiga ...