Thirty-six lactating Alpine does were used to determine effects of stage of lactation and level of feed intake on energy utilization. Twelve does were assigned to measurement periods in early, mid, and late lactation (wk 5, 13, and 27, respectively). For 6 does of each group, after ad libitum consumption of a 60% concentrate diet, feed intake was restricted to near the metabolizable energy (ME)...

Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) can be a final degradation product of perfluorobutane sulfonyl fluoride (PBSF)-based chemicals. Surfactants based on this chemistry are potential replacements for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)-related products and have many potential applications in industrial and commercial processes and applications. To evaluate the potential hazard that PFBS may pose to av...

The separation of dilute binary mixtures of proteins by salt aided ion-exchange simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography is optimized with respect to throughput, desorbent consumption and salt consumption. The optimal flow-rate ratios are analytically determined via an adopted "triangle theory". Azeotropic phenomena are included in this procedure. The salt concentrations in the feed and recycl...

Blue-green algae Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA), rich in protein, vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, are used as food supplements. We studied the effect of varying concentrations (0.05-0.4%) of AFA on growth, feed consumption, and nutrient digestion in rats. A diet supplemented with 0.05% algae (equivalent to human daily consumption) had a stimulatory effect on weight gain and feed cons...

and Implications Market animals fed conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) could be leaner, have less fat and more muscle, and an increased rate of gain and improved feed efficiency. Improvement of these three production variablesÐimproved lean, rate of gain, and feed efficiencyÐwould offer significant economic advantages in swine production. Moreover, consumers would have available a leaner, more heal...