Dextromethorphan is an NMDA receptor antagonist in the glutamatergic system. Currently, there are some reports showing that the glutamatergic NMDA receptor mechanism stimulates dopamine release from several brain regions. This effect may in part modulate the stereotyped behaviors of dopaminergic system. The purpose of the present study was to determine the interaction between the blockade of NM...

The behaviour, welfare, and tibia characteristics of fast- slow-growing chickens were evaluated in free-range intensive production systems. A total 720 birds three strains subjected to these systems after 21 days rearing under the same environment. Each treatment was replicated six times with 20 each replicate. Data collected for welfare aspects, including feather condition, footpad, hock joint...

This study examined the effect of the colour of light on growth performance, feed and water intake, behaviour and latency to lie (LTL) in broiler chickens. Ninety six broiler (Hybro P.G. Plus) chicks were divided into two groups and reared in 12 cages that received either red or white colour light (20 lux) during night for 8 hrs per day from 14-36 d of age. Water and feed were provided ad libit...

The role of the nucleus basalis prosencephali (Bas), a frontal forebrain structure peculiar to birds, in the control of forage pecking and apomorphine-induced pecking was investigated. In a quasi-natural grit-grain selection task bilateral coagulations of the Bas and the associated neostratum frontolaterale (Nfl) caused a marked fall in grain per peck uptake and a simultaneous increase in grit ...