The Cognitive Radio (CR) technology is a major step forward to address the critical challenge of “spectrum scarcity” in Wireless communications. It is a methodology to develop effective communication systems with the available radio resources and their constraints. This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview on realization of RF Front-End (RF FE) for a Cognitive Radio (CR). It begins with a...

An interesting change of scale sequence occurred during oxidation of nanocrystalline surface layer by means of a surface mechanical attrition treatment. The three-layer oxide structure from the surface towards the matrix is Fe3O4, spinel FeCr2O4 and corundum (Fe,Cr)2O3, which is different from the typical two-layer scale consisted of an Fe3O4 outer layer and an FeCr2O4 inner layer in convention...

The dynamic evolution of nanocatalyst particle shape and carbon composition during the initial stages of single-walled carbon nanotube growth by chemical vapor deposition synthesis is investigated. Classical reactive and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are used, along with environmental transmission electron microscope video imaging analyses. A clear migration of carbon is detected fro...

An ultra-low Pd loading nanocatalyst is synthesized by a convenient solution route of photochemical reduction and aqueous chemical growth. The modification of nanocatalyst structures is investigated through changing morphologies of Pd nanoclusters on the surface of ZnO nanorods. A significant enhancement in photocatalytic properties has been achieved by decorating a trace amount of Pd clusters ...

A bioinspired peptide amphiphile nanofiber template for formation of one-dimensional Pd nanostructures is demonstrated. The Pd and peptide nanocatalyst system enabled efficient catalytic activity in Suzuki coupling reactions in water at room temperature. The nanocatalyst system can be easily separated and reused in successive reactions without significant loss in activity and structural integrity.